Roman history

Romulus

The legendary founder of Rome and son of Mars.

Senatorial Rank

The social class of the Roman elite, encompassing the most powerful families.

Paterfamilias

The male head of a Roman household with legal authority over family members.

Cursus Honorum

The established sequence of public offices held by aspiring politicians in Rome.

Libertas

The concept of freedom in Roman society.

Conubium

The legal right to marry in Roman law.

Nobiles

The renowned elite of Roman society, typically patricians.

Humiliores

The lower sort, representing the poor and lower classes in Roman society.

Aedile

A Roman official responsible for public works and infrastructure, serving at age 36.

Fasces

A symbol of authority in ancient Rome, depicted as a bundle of rods with an axe.

Peculium

An allowance given to a slave or son, although the property legally belonged to the paterfamilias.

Materfamilias

The legal wife of the paterfamilias, responsible for household management.

Stola

A traditional dress worn by Roman women, symbolizing their status.

Triclinium

The dining room in a Roman house where meals were served and guests reclined.

Sine Manu Marriage

A type of marriage where the wife retains legal independence from her husband.

Spartacus

A famous gladiator who led a major slave revolt against Rome around 73-71 BCE.

Concordia

The ideal of harmony in marriage, emphasizing respect and cooperation.

Imago

Death masks used in ancient Rome to honor deceased ancestors.

Augustan Reforms

Initiatives aimed at promoting marriage and childbearing in Roman society.

Euergetism

The public display of wealth, often through generous acts to benefit the community.

Domus

A Roman house, typically demonstrating the wealth and status of its owners.

Insula

Apartment buildings where most lower-class Romans resided.