black, asian, lgbtq+ rights

1882 Chinese Exclusion Act

banned Chinese immigration for 10 years, prevented Chinese in America from becoming US citizens (repealed 1942).

1917 Immigration Act

banned asian & nonwhite people from entering U.S.

1924 immigration act

set quotas that favored immigration from northern and western Europe

1965 immigration & nationality act

created a seven-category preference system that gives priority to specific groups

Asian American Political Alliance

AAPA- Pushed to unite Asian Americans, advocating for rights

Asian americans for action

AAA, took action against training of soldiers to view vietnamese enemies as less than human

yellow power community based programs

helped with language instruction, healthcare and housing rights

richard aoki

Early member of the Black Panthers who used it as inspiration for the AAPA

Yuri Kochiyama

japanese internment survivor, advocate for separatism

yuji ichioka & emma gee

founders of AAPA

kazu ijima & minn matsuda

founders of AAA

Frank chin

pioneer in asian-american theatre

civil liberties act of 1988

a United States federal law that granted reparations to Japanese-Americans who had been interned by the United States government during World War II.

model minority myth

The stereotype that Asians are the racial minority group that has "made it" in the United States.

One, Inc. v. Olesen (1958)

court ruled that material aimed for gay audience is not obscene

romer v evans (1996)

laws couldnt single out and take rights of lgbtq+ people

Boy Scouts of America v. Dale (1996)

A private organization may ban gays from its membership

U.S. v windsor (2013)

eliminate the DOMA which stated "legal union between one man and one woman as husband and wife"

obergefell v hodges (2015)

Same-sex couples have a constitutional right to marry

marsha p johnson

activist, drag performer, advocates for rights of LGBTQ+ community and cofounded star

sylvia rivera

trans activist who founded STAR

Harvey milk

The first openly elected gay politician. Tried to gain social acceptance for LGBTQ individuals.

james baldwin

author that used poetry and books to advocate for rights for black & lgbtq+ communities

stonewall uprising (1969)

stonewall was raided by police, but the people refused to be arrested and fought back until it became a giant riot

9th amendment (1920)

Gave women the right to vote

the fair labor standards act (1938)

established minimum wage w/o regard for sex

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act (1964)

forbids discrimination in all areas of the employment relationship

Bradwell v Illionois (1873)

gave states the right to limit professions based on gender

Minor v. Happersett (1875)

This Supreme Court decision held that women could be deprived of the right to vote in the same way as felons.

Roe v. Wade (1973)

Abortion rights fall within the privacy implied in the 14th amendment

us v virginia (1996)

State may not finance an all-male military school

Dobbs decision (2022)

supreme court held that women do not have the constitutional rights to have an abortion

Elizabeth Cody Stanton

social activist often w/ first organized womens rights and suffrage movements

Susan B.Anthony

co-founded of the women's temperance movement and cofounder the women's rights journal "the revolution"

betty friedan

writer, feminist & women's rights activist, wrote "feminine mystique" and founded NOW

National Organization of Women

NOW, founded to bring women into equal participation for all parts of society

equal rights amendment

ERA, passed by both houses of congress in 1972 that women should be added to constitution and needed 35 states by 1982

civil rights

rights protecting individual freedoms from infringement by government, organizations, and individuals

civil liberties

state of being subjected only to laws established for the good of the community rights to protect government from overstepping

civil rights movement

social movement in the US with the goal to end segregation and discrimination

little rock nine

a group of students who were enrolled in a white high school on the basis of being black

rosa parks

the secretary of NAACP and she helped to plan the Montgomery bus boycott in 1985

MIA

Montgomery Improvement Association - a group formed for the Montgomery bus boycott

montgomery bus boycott

lasted 381 days, 90% of AA participated, focused on racial segregation w/ 3 main demands

SCLC

southern christian leadership conference, 60 AA leaders believed churches should be involved in political activism against social ills.

Civil rights act of 1957

voting rights bill to protect African-Americans from disenfranchisement

civil rights commission

established by the civil rights act of 1957, to protect voting rights for african americans

lyndon b. johnson

pushed bills through congress and was. important for helping establish better rights for black americans

W.E.B Dubois

first African-American to get doctorate from Harvard, part of niagara movement

booker t. washington

last of the leaders born into slavery, helped build black wall street, focused on economic strength

Ida B. Wells-Barnett

co-founder of NAACP, activist for rights of black women, journalist who documented lynchings

marcus garvey

African American leader during the 1920s who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and advocated mass migration of African Americans back to Africa

medgar evers

NAACP leader in Mississippi, who fought to overturn segregation in university of mississipi

stokley carmichael

One of the student nonviolent coordinating committee leader and freedom riders, register people to vote, wanted all black political party, considered successor of malcom x

fannie lou hammer

was an American voting rights activist and civil rights leader, nstionals womens political caucaus to support women who wanted to enter politics

thurgood marshall

found the NAACP, lawyer who argued for brown v. board, first black person appointed to supreme court