Unit Two Vocab and Abbreviations (copy)

ankyl/o

crooked, bent, stiff

arthr/o

joint

chondr/o

cartiliage

crani/o

skull

-desis

binding

kyph/o

hump

lord/o

curve, swayback

-lysis

destruction

myel/o

spinal cord, bone marrow

oss/e, oss/i, ost/o, oste/o

bone

spondyl/o

vertebra

synovi/o, synovi/o

synovial membrane, synovial fluid

-um

structure, thing

scoliosis

abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

spondylosis

a degenerative disorder that can cause the loss of normal spinal structure and function

subluxation

partial dislocation of a joint

comminuted

bone breaks into many fragments

lordosis

abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine (sway-back condition)

myeloma

tumor of the bone marrow

lumbago

pain of the lumbar region of the spine

hemopoietic

pertaining to the formation of blood cells

allogenic

originating within another

fibrous dysplasia

a bone disorder of unknown cause that destroys normal bone structure and replaces it with fibrous tissue

osteoclasis

surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity

crepitation

a crackling or rattling sound

spina bifida

a congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy when the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it

callus

area of think hard skin

spinal fusion

a technique to immobilize part of the spine by joining together (fusing) two or more vertebrae

joint replacement

a surgical procedure in which a mechanical device, designed to act as a joint. is used to replace a diseased joint

hallux valgus

an abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe (bunion)

burs/o

bursa, sac of fluid near joint

idiopathic

pertaining to disease of unknown origin

talipes

clubfoot

ligament/o

ligament (binds bone to bone)

-centesis

surgical puncture to remove fluid

CR

controlled release

AKA

above knee amputation

Fx

fracture

RA

rheumatoid arthritis

TMJ

temporomandibular joint

ORIF

open reduction internal fixation

MRI

magnetic resonance imaging

TKR

total knee replacement

THR

total hip replacement

PKR

partial knee replacement

OA

osteoarthritis

BMT

bone marrow transplant

muscul/o, my/o, myos/o

muscle

fasci/o

fascia

tend/o, tendin/o, ten/o

tendon

bi-

two

-cele

hernia, swelling

dys-

bad, difficult, painful

fibr/o

fiber, fibrous, tissue

-ia

condition of

-ic

pertaining to

kines/o,kinesi/o

movement, motion

-plegia

paralysis

tax/o

coordination, order

-ton

to stretch

tri-

three

sprain

injury to a ligament

sphincter

circular ring of muscle that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening

hemi-

half

para

beside, near

-paresis

weakness

-plegia

paralysis

brady-

abnormally slow

adduction

movement toward the mid line of the body

abduction

movement away from the midline of the body

adhesion

scar tissue inside your body

atrophy

shrinking of a muscle size

circumduction

circular movement of a limb at the far end

sarcopenia

the loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that comes with aging

myoclonus

the sudden, involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles

dorsiflexion

bending of the sole of the foot by curling the toes toward the ground

rotation

circular movement around an axis

ganglion

collection of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system

singultus

hiccups

pronation

movement that turns the palm down

-us

structure, substance

strain

a condition resulting from damaging a muscle or tendon

EMG

electromyogram

MD

medical doctor

quad.

Quadriceps

FMS

fibromyalgia syndorome

PT

physical therapy

CTS

carpal tunnel syndrome

DTR

deep tendon reflex

ROM

range of motion

RICE

rest, ice, compression, elevation

cost/o

rib

scoli/o

bent backward

comminuted

bone breaks in many fragments

BKA

below knee amputation

ton/o

tone

TMJ

temporomandibular joint

-desis

binding

herni/o

hernia

poly-

many