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Testes
Produces sperm and testosterone
Scrotum
Protects the testes and maintains temperature
Epididymis
Stores sperm until ejaculation
Sperm duct/vas deferens
Transfers sperm during ejaculation
Seminal vesicle and prostate gland
Secretes fluids containing alkali, proteins and fructose, added to sperm to make semen
Urethra
Transfers sperm/urine
Penis
Penetrates vagina for ejaculation of semen near the cervix
Ovary
Produces eggs, estrogen, and progesterone
Oviduct/fallopian tube
Collects eggs at ovulation, site for fertilization → moves embryo to uterus
Cervix
Protects the fetus during pregnancy Dilates during birth to provide birth canal
Vagina
Stimulates penis to cause ejaculation + provides birth canal
Vulva
Protects internal parts of the female productive system
What hormone is secreted by Hypothalamus in the follicular phase?
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
What hormones does the pituitary gland release in response to Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)?
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and Lutenizing hormone (LH)
What does FSH do in ovarian cycle
Stimulates follicle development
Estrogen response to high levels of FSH
Estrogen inhibits FSH and stimulates LH secretion
Estrogen’s role in ovarian cycle
Stimulates thickening of endometrium
What does LH do in ovarian cycle
Stimulates completion of meiosis and development of corpus luteum
Corpus luteum function
Secretes estrogen and progesterone
Progesterone function in ovarian cycle
Inhibits FSH and LH secretion
Stamen
Male parts of a flower
Anther
Sac where pollen is produced
Filament
Stalk that holds the anther
Pollen
Plant male gametes
Carpels
Female parts of a flower
Stigma
Receives pollen
Style
Tube connecting Stigma and ovary
Ovary (flower)
place where fertilization occurs + production of ovules
Ovules
Plants female gametes
Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH) function in puberty
Causes pituitary gland to secrete FSH and LH
FSH effect in males during puberty
Testes growth
LH effect in males during puberty
testosterone secretion
Effect of testosterone in males
enlargement of penis
growth of pubic hair
deepening of voice
FSH effect in females during puberty
Follicle development and secretion of estradiol
LH effect in females during puberty
Corpus luteum development → secretion of estrogen and progesterone
Effect of estrogen/progesterone in females
enlargement of uterus
breast development
growth of pubic hair
mammary glands + lactation
hCG
Human chorionic gonadotropin
hCG secreted by embryo’s trophoblast cells
stimulates corpus luteum development and progesterone secretion → maintain uterus lining
Progesterone’s effect on pregnancy
Inhibits oxytocin secretion and contractions
Positive feedback loop in birth
Oxytocin increases contractions → increases oxytocin production
Note 
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