Module 2: tissues

What is a tissue?

a group of cells and extracellular materials with similar structure and function

What are the four types of tissues?

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

what is the function of epithelial tissues?

protection, absorption, filtration, excretion, secretion, sensory reception

What are the functions of connective tissue?

binding, support, protection, transports substances, insulates

what is the function of muscle tissues?

specialized for contraction

What is the function of Nervous tissues?

detects stimuli and transmits electrical impulses

What are the three types of tissue membranes?

cutaneous membranes, mucous membrane, serous membrane

what are the characteristics of epithelial tissues?

apical-basal polarity, avascular, regenerative

Tight junctions

found in areas where extracellular fluids needs to be kept seperate

Adherens Junctions

indirectly link cell cytoskeletons to provide strong connections

Gap Junctions

provide a direct channel between neighboring epithelial cells

Desmosomes

provides structural reinforcement between epithelial cells and allows cells to exchange materials

Hemidesmosomes

anchor epithelial cells to underlying connective tissues

What is the function of Simple Squamous Epithelium tissues?

allows diffusion and absorption

Which body organs can Simple Squamous Epithelium tissues located?

alveoli, capillaries, glomeruli

What is the function of Simple cuboidal Epithelium tissues?

secretion, absorption

Where are simple cuboidal epithelium tissues located?

kidney tubules, ovaries, ducts of glands

what is the function of simple columnar epithelium tissues?

secretion, absorption, movement

where are simple columnar epithelium tissues located?

digestive tract, uterus, oviducts

What is the function of pseudostratified columnar epithelium tissues?

secretion, movement

where are pseudostratified columnar epithelium tissues located?

upper respiratory tract, reproductive system

what is the function of stratified squamous epithelium tissues?

protection against abrasion

where are stratified squamous epithelium tissue located?

skin, mouth, vagina

what is the function of stratified cuboidal tissues?

secretion, strengthens glands

where are stratified cuboidal tissues located?

salivary glands, sweat glands, mammary glands

what is the function of stratified columnar epithelium tissues?

protection, secretion

where are stratified columnar epithelium tissues located/

pharynx, urethra, conjunctiva

What is the function of transitional epithelium tissues?

stretching, protection from urine

where are transitional epithelium tissues located?

urinary bladder

what is the function of Glandular epithelium tissues?

secretion

endocrine glands

secreted hormones into bloodstream

exocrine glands

secretes waste out of the body via ducts

what are the characteristics of connective tissues?

most abundant, vascular, contains extracellular materials

Areolar Connective Tissue (Loose Connective Tissue Proper)

wraps and cushions organs and retains extracellular fluid

Where are Areolar connective tissues located?

surrounding organs, below the epithelium

Adipose connective tissue (Loose Connective Tissue Proper)

lipid storage, protection, insulation

where are adipose connective tissue located?

abdominal cavity, under skin, breasts

Reticular Connective tissue (Loose Connective Tissue Proper)

supports red and white blood cells, assists in filtration

where are Reticular connective tissues located?

lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow

Dense Regular Connective tissue

strong attachment for bones and muscles

where are dense regular connective tissues located?

tendons, ligaments, aponeuroses

Dense Irregular connective tissue

withstands pulling in multiple directions

where are dense irregular connective tissue located?

capsules around joints and organs

Dense Elastic connective tissues

stretching and recoiling

where are dense elastic connective tissue located?

walls of large arteries and bronchiole tubes

What is the function of hyaline cartilage?

template for bones, support and reinforcement

where are hyaline cartilage located?

fetal skeleton, nose, some joints

What is the function of Elastic Cartilage?

maintain shape, flexibility

where are Elastic cartilage located?

external ear, epiglottis

What is the function of Fibrocartilage?

strong support, Absorbing shock

where is fibrocartilage located?

intervertebral discs of the spin, knee

What is the function of compact bones?

support, protection, muscle attachment site, calcium storage

where is compact bones located?

the outside of bones

What is the function of Spongy bones?

hematopoiesis, fat storage

where are spongy bones located?

inside of bones

What is the extracellular matrix of blood?

plasma

what is the function of blood?

oxygen and carbon dioxide transport, immunity, blood clotting

What is the appearance of skeletal tissue?

striated, unbranched, multinucleated

What is the function of skeletal tissues/

move skeletons

what is the appearance of cardiac tissues?

striated, branched

what is the function of cardiac tissues/

pump blood

what is the appearance of smooth tissues

non-striated, unbranched

what is the function of smooth muscle tissues?

move food

What is the function of Neural tissues?

detect and response to stimuli

what is the function of neurons?

sends impulses (Action potential)

what is the function of Neuroglia?

supports neurons