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What does music in worship do?
“adds delight to prayer, fosters unity of minds…” Sacrosantum Concilium
Unite people in praise
Increase the beauty of worship
Help people feel more involved in worship
Inspire people to praise God
Make worship feel more joyous or solemn
What is the significance of psalms?
These are pieces of poetry set to music- they are an important part of Divine Office (a collection of psalms and readings priests, monks and nuns have to recite at least four times a day)
They centre around the praise of God and talk of the joy of praising God through song
They recognise everything comes from God and cover a wide range of human emotions and feelings
What is the significance of plainchant?
The Catholic Church considers it as ideal as it is ‘specially suited to the Roman liturgy’ (Sacrosantum Concilium)
This is an ancient form of music that is usually sung unaccompanied and used in monasteries and church services
What is the significance of traditional hymns?
These are religious songs that praise God and have been used by generations of believers
They help people to feel involved in worship and have stood the test of time
What is the significance of contemporary worship songs?
These are religious songs that have been written recently to use in worship and are usually accompanied by modern instruments
They help people feel involved in worship and are more accessible and appealing than traditional hymns
What is the significance of mass settings?
These are parts of the Mass that are sung rather than said (EG Alleuia, the Sanctus, and the Gloria)
These help people feel involved in worship and help to make the Mass appeal to the entire congregation
What is the significance of the Gloria?
“Glory to God in the highest heaven”
It is a hymn praising God’s glory and goodness said at the beginning of Mass
It is not used during the sorrowful seasons of Advent and Lent
What is the significance of the Alleuia?
It is a hymn of joy and triumph that praises God and announces His presence
This introduces the reading of the Gospel, is sung three times during the Easter vigil to announce the resurrection, and is not used during Lent
What is the significance of the Sanctus?
“Holy, holy, holy is the Lord of hosts”
A hymn to praise God’s holiness and based on Isaiah’s vision in the Temple
This is used before the Eucharistic prayer and not used during the sorrowful seasons of Advent and Lent
What is the significance of the Mystery of Faith?
An acknowledgement that the saving, death and resurrection of Christ has been made present through the consecration of the bread and wine
This is therefore used after the consecration
What different types of settings for the acclamations have been used?
Complex settings- these reflect God’s glory and greatness
Simpler settings- this allows the whole congregation to join in
More modern settings- this appeals to a younger generation
Upbeat and joyful settings- this helps us to praise God
Reflective settings- these give a sense of peace and harmony which remind Christians of the eternal life we are promised
What does Deuteronomy 6:4 say about the Trinity?
“Hear, O Israel: The Lord is our God, the Lord alone.”
Even though there are three separate Persons, there is still only one God
How is the Trinity presented in Matthew 3:16-17?
“He saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove…a voice from heaven said ‘This is my Son, with whom I am well pleased.”
The Holy Spirit is the love that unites the Father and the Son- represented by a dove
The Father is the voice from heaven who acknowledges Jesus as his Son
This shows that the three Persons can all coexist at the same time
How is the relationship between the Trinity and a Christian explored in Galatians 4:6?
“And because you are children, God has sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, crying, ‘Abba! Father!”
Christians are God’s children and brothers or sisters to Jesus, the Son
God the Father pours out the Holy Spirit into a Christian’s heart- this is the love that unites the Father and the Son and fills the person with grace
What does the Nicene Creed teach about God the Father?
He is the creator of all things- “I believe in one God, the Father almighty, maker of heaven and earth”
What does the Nicene Creed teach about God the Son?
Like God the Father, God the Son is eternal- “born of the Father before all ages”
There is no distinction in nature between the Father and the Son- “consubstantial with the Father”
The Son took on the limitations of human nature to become Jesus- “by the Holy Spirit… became man’
After he died, he rose into heaven to take his place as the Son of God- “He ascended into heaven and is seated at the right hand of the Father”
What does the Nicene Creed teach about God the Holy Spirit?
The Holy Spirit gives life to all things- “I believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life”
The Holy Spirit comes from both the Father and the Son, uniting them in love- “…who proceeds from the Father and the Son”
It is equal in majesty and power to the Father and the Son- “who with the Father and the Son is adored and glorified”
It inspires people to let them know the will of God- “…who has spoken through the prophets”
How does Genesis 1:1-3 represent the Trinity?
“…a wind from God swept over the face if the waters. Then God said ‘Let there be light’ and there was light.'“
The wind can be translated as ‘breath’ or ‘spirit’ which shows that the Holy Spirit was involved in the creation of the universe
God is the Creator who can make anything using just His Word- His Word being Christ the Son incarnate
How does belief in the Trinity influence Christians?
“The entire activity of the Church is an expression of a love that seeks the integral good of man” Deus Caritas Est
The Holy Spirit is the love of the Father and the Son
It enters people’s lives as grace and inspires them to show love to others
What is the significance of mission?
“those who love God must love their brothers and sisters also” 1 John 4:21
It involves sending out people to help others
It shares the love of God through their actions as they believe they should love others as God loves them
What is the significance of evangelism?
“Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptising them” Matthew 28:18-20
It involves preaching the good news about Jesus to other people
They are inspired by the Holy Spirit to share their knowledge of God’s love with others so they can experience the joy, peace and love they feel as a Christian
How does St Augustine explain the Trinity?
He focuses on the relationship within the Trinity
“True love is: a trinity of lover, beloved and the love that binds them together into one.”
Love cannot exist on its own- there must be three things; the lover, the love and the loved
The Father loves the Son as the Son loves the Father (they are both the lover and the loved) and the love that unites them is the Holy Spirit
How does Catherine LaCugna explain the Trinity?
She emphasises the outward effects of the Trinity
The Son is continuously coming from the Father
The Holy Spirit is the love that eternally unites the Father and the Son
The continuous act of creation and love flows out into the whole of creation
The Son comes from the Father to save humanity
The Holy Spirit continually guides believers towards the Father
After redemption is complete, all things will be brought back to God
What is the significance of the Council of Nicaea?
Disproves the heresy that only God the Father was eternal- not God the Son
The council confirmed that
the Son is eternally begotten from the Father
the Father and the Son have always co-existed
they are both equal and of the same nature
What is the significance of the Council of Constantinople?
Disproves heresies surrounding the nature of the Trinity
The council confirmed that
the Holy Spirit is the Third Person of the Trinity and fully God
Jesus is both fully God and fully human
What is the symbolism of baptism?
In the early Church, adults were totally submerged in the water to symbolise joining Jesus in the tomb
Rising up out of the water symbolises beginning of a new life as a Christian
The water represents the Holy Spirit which fills a person so that their faith and commitment to God is sustained
Why is baptism important?
The sign of initiation where a person becomes a member of the Church and a child of God
Cleanses a person of all their sins
Fills a person with the Holy Spirit to give them strength to resist evil
Is a pledge that the person will join God in heaven after they die
Shares the life of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit with the person
Allows a Christian to join in with Jesus’ death and resurrection and therefore allows them to share in Christ’s victory over sin and death
What is prayer?
A conversation between a person and God
When a person opens up to God and communicates with Him, listening for His answer
Inspired by the Holy Spirit
The highest form of prayer is Jesus offering himself to God on the cross
Why do some Catholics prefer traditional prayers?
They do not have to worry about coming up with the right words to use
Not having to focus too much on the words allows them to open up more to the presence of God- it allows them to go deeper than the words
When they are upset, using familiar words is comforting
Why do some Catholics prefer spontaneous prayers?
It feels more sincere than traditional prayer because they are opening up to God about their own personal concerns and worries
It helps them develop an individual relationship with God
It comes from the heart and reflects how they feel at that moment
What might someone kneel during prayer?
It is a sign of humility
It shows the person acknowledges God’s authority and submits to His will
A position asking for forgiveness
Why might someone genuflect during prayer?
It is a sign of respect
It acknowledges Christ’s presence, like when entering Church or passing the tabernacle
Why might someone prostrate during prayer?
It is a sign of total humility and submission to God
It is a position pleading for help and mercy
It shows the person has given themselves up to God
Why might someone stand during prayer?
It is a sign of respect- like when standing for the Gospel reading to show respect for his Word
It shows readiness to act on behalf of God
Why might someone bow during prayer?
It is a sign of respect
It is a sign of praise to God
It acknowledges that God is great
Why might someone sit during prayer?
It is a more comfortable position that allows the person to focus on their communication with GodWhy
Why might someone stand with arms outstretched during prayer?
It is a more position of pleading, asking for God’s help
It shows that the person is willing to accept whatever God sends them
Why might someone walk during prayer?
This is for Christians who do not want to confine prayer to specific moments or places, but who want God to always be with him
Why might someone join their hands during prayer?
This is a sign of asking
This is a request for help from God
Why might someone open their hands during their prayer?
This is a sign of praise
This shows acceptance of whatever God sends
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