intro to medical terminology

singular- ovum

plural-ova

infection

the invasion of the body by a pathogenic organism

singular-malleolus

plural- malleoli

singular-meninx

plural-meninges

singular-ganglion

plural-ganglia

singular-criterion

plural-criteria

singular-alveolus

plural-alveoli

singular-diverticulum

plural-diverticula

singular-arthritis

plural-arthritide

singular-meningitis

plural-meningitides

singular-diagnosis

plural-diagnoses

singular-metastasis

plural-metastases

singular-appendix

plural-appendices

singular-index

plural-indices

singular-bursa

plural-bursae

singular-vertebra

plural-vertebrae

-gram

picture or record

eponym

a disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the person who discovered it first

arteriosclerosis

abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery

hem/o

blood

-sclerosis

abnormal hardening

-stenosis

abnormal narrowing

laryng

larynx or throat

otorhinolaryngology

the study of diseases of the ear, nose, and throat.

appendectomy

surgical removal of the appendix

arthralgia

pain in the joints

lith

stone

neo

new

dermat

skin

palpation

an examination technique where the examiner’s hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts

palpitation

the pounding or racing heart

inflammation

a localized response to an injury or to the destruction of tissues. some indicatiors are erythema(redness), hyperthermia(heat), edema(swelling), and pain

ot/o

ear

dysfunctional

an organ or body part that is not working properly

melan/o

black

perinatal

refers to the time and events of birth before, during, and just after

pre

before

prenatal

the time and events before birth

abdomin/o

abdomen

micro

small

macro

large, abnormal size, long

-algia

pain and suffering

-ac, -al, -an, -ar, -ary, -eal, -ical, -ic, -ine, -ior, -ory, -ous, -tic

pertaining to (turns into an adjective

tonsillectomy

surgical removal of the tonsils

tonsillitis

inflammation of the tonsils

malacia

abnormal softening

gastritis

inflammation of the stomach

gastrodynia

pain in the stomach, same as gastralgia but isn’t used as commonly

gastralgia

stomachache

enter

small intestines

gastrenteritis

inflammation of the stomach and small intestines

ectomy

surgical removal

rhin/o

nose

cyanosis

blue discoloration of the skin caused from the lack of oxygen in the blood

melanoma

a type of skin cancer

-scopy

visual examination

path

disease

tonsill

tonsils

gastr/o

stomach

-itis

inflammation

poli/o

gray

-oma

tumor

arteri/o

artery

hepat/o

liver

-ology

the study of

leukocyte

white blood cell

leuk/o

white

-cyte

cell

erythrocyte

mature red blood cell

erythr/o

red

cyan/o

blue

arthr/o

joint

neur/o

nerve

oste/o

bone

ad-

toward, to, in the direction of

super-, supra-

above or excessive

subcostal

below a rib or ribs

sub-

below, under, or less

intramuscular

within the muscle

intra-

within or inside

inter-

between or among

hypo-

deficient or decreased

hypertension

higher than normal blood pressure

hyper-

excessive or increased

addiction

being drawn toward or having a strong dependence on a drug or substance

abnormal

not normal

myel/o

spinal cord or bone marrow

laceration

torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut

hypothermia

heat

erythrema

redness

tendinitis

inflammation of a tendon caused by overuse

chronic condition

long duration, can be controlled but rarely cured

col

colon

append

appendix

phalanx

singular bone of the finger and toe

phalanges

bones of the fingers and toes

appendicitis

inflammation of the appendix

edema

swelling caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in cells, tissues, or cavities of the body

dys

bad, difficult, or painful

eupnea

easy or normal breathing