Chapter 9 Vocab

rate

change in concentration per unit time

rate law

mathematical relationship b/n rate of reaction and concentrations of reactants

rate constant

proportionality factor

flooding (isolation)

conditions in which all but one reactant's concentrations don't change appreciably over the course of the reaction

integrated rate law

mathematical relationship b/n concentrations of species and time

half life

time it takes for a concentration to be reduced by a factor of 2

frequency factor

pre-exponential value that accounts for the number of collisions and the orientation of molecular collisions

activation energy

energy input needed for a reaction to proceed

activated state

energy and orientation of a molecule that has been given energy but has not yet been converted into products

transition state

high-energy point on a reaction coordinate diagram

catalyst

substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction w/o being consumed

elementary step

chemical reaction whose rate law is directly related to its molecularity

rate-determining step

slowest step in a reaction mechanism

molecularity

how many molecules must come together for a reaction to proceed

reaction intermediate

species produced in one step of a mechanism but consumed in another