TIR

PCB (Printed Circuit Board)

A PCB is used to mechanically support and electrically connect electronic components.

Paul Eisler

Credited with developing the PCB in the 1930s while working on a radio set.

Single-Layer PCB

Contains only one layer of conductive material, common in simple electronic circuits.

Double-Layer PCB

Has two layers of conductive material for more complex circuits.

Multi Layered PCB

Used in complex devices like computers and mobile phones, featuring multiple copper layers.

Flex PCB

Made from flexible material, used in wearable and portable devices.

Rigid PCB

Made of a solid substrate material, preventing bending, and used in automotive and medical devices.

Rigid-Flex PCB

A hybrid of rigid and flexible PCBs used for compact and durable designs.

Solder Mask Purpose

Prevents oxidation and solder bridges, enhances appearance and reliability.

Ferric Chloride

Commonly used in etching solutions to remove unwanted copper from PCBs.

Soldering

The process of joining metals with melted solder to form electrical connections.

Desoldering Pump

Best tool for removing excess solder during desoldering.

Vernier Caliper

A tool used to measure linear dimensions with high precision.

Main Scale (Vernier Caliper)

Used for reading the main dimension during measurement.

Final Measurement (Vernier Caliper)

Combination of the main scale reading and the aligned vernier scale reading.

Binary System

A numerical system consisting only of 1s and 0s, fundamental in digital electronics.

Analog Signal

Produces a smooth and continuous waveform.

Digital Signal

Forms a square wave pattern and has a finite set of possible values.

analogRead function (Arduino)

Used to read voltage levels from analog input.

analogWrite function (Arduino)

Controls output levels in the range of 0 to 255 for analog outputs.

PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)

Used in analogWrite to control the brightness of an LED.

Analog pins (Arduino)

Pins A0 to A5 are used for reading analog inputs.

Digital Pins (Arduino)

Pins with a ~ symbol that support the analogWrite function.