Chapters 9, 6, 20, and 24 VOCABULARY (NOT FINISHED)

Bold terms from the text book from outlines

Impulse Force

A large force exerted during a short interval of time

Impulse J

The area under the force-versus-time curve (that is proportional to the effect of an impulsive force)

Collision

A short duration interaction between 2 objects.

Momentum

The product of the objects mass and velocity, it points in the same direction as the velocity and is a vector.

Impulse Momentum Theorem

An impulse delivered to an object causes the object’s momentum to change

Total Momentum

The vector sum of momenta of the individual particles

Impulse Approximation

Ignoring small forces during the time of the impulsive force

Internal Forces

Forces that act only between particles within a system

External Forces

The forces outside of a system that the system is subject to

Isolated System

A system where the Fnet = 0 (where there is no net force)

Explosion

Where the particles of a system move apart after a brief, intense interaction

Perfectly Inelastic Collision

A collision where the two objects stick together and move with a common final velocity

Gravitational Force

The force each object exerts on another

Inverse Square Law

As the distance increases, the gravitational force decreases (as the denominator squared)

Neutral

No special electrical properties

Charging

Performing an action that changes the properties of an object so forces act between that object and others, fore example: Fur rubbed plastic rod.

Electric Force

The force between charged objects

Law of Conservation of Charge

Charge is transferred from one place to another

Charge Model

Shows/summarizes result of the electrical experiment

Discharging

Removing a charge from an object

Conductors

Materials through or along which charge can move and flow easily

Insulators

Materials on or in which charges remain immobile

Electrostatic Equailibrium

Charges on an isolated conductor are in static equilibrium with the charges at rest

Charge Polarization

Slight separation of the positive and negative charge in a neutral object when a charged object is brought near

Polarization Force

Force when the charges are slightly separated

Electron Cloud

Much less massive orbiting negatively charged electrons

Ionization

The process of removing an electron from the electron cloud of an atom

Coulumb

The SI unit of charge

Fundamental Charge

Represented by the symbol e, it is the magnitude of the charge of an electron or a proton

Sea of Electrons

When electrons act like a negatively charged gass or liquid

Electric Dipole

Two equal but opposite charges with a separation between them

Hydrogen Bond

Positive hydrogen atom forming a weak bond

North Pole

the end of a magnet that points north

South pole

the end of a magnet that points south

Compass

A magnet that is free to pivot

Magnetic Dipoles

the two poles, north and south

Magnetic Materials

Certain materials that are attracted to a magnet

Magnetic Field Vector

Representation of the magnetic field at one particular point

Magnetic Field Lines

Representation of the overall magnetic field

Dip Angle

the angle from horizontal

Permanent Magnets

Ordinary magnets

Right Hand Rule for Fields

If your right thumb is pointing the direction of the current, wrap your fingers around the wire, they will point in the direction of the magnetic field lines

Uniform Magnetic Field

a field that has the same magnitude and the same direction at every point within some region of space.