Anatomy exam 3- joints of the lower limb +ligaments/tendons/meniscus

Fibrous joints

Distal tibiofubular-Syndesmosis

Middle tibiofibular- Syndesmosis; interosseous membrane connects diaphyses

Cartilaginous joints

Pubic symphysis- fibrocartilage pad

Sacroiliac

Plane (between sacrum and ilium of the coxal bone)

Acetabulofemoral (coxal)

Ball and socket (between acetabulum of coxal bone and head of

femur)

Tibiofemoral (knee)

Hinge (between condyles of femur and tibia)

Patellofemoral

Plane (between patella and femur)

Proximal tibiofibular

Plane (between lateral condyle of tibia and head of fibula)

Talocrural (ankle)

Hinge (between tibia, fibula and talus)

Intertarsal

Plane (between the tarsals)

Tarsometatarsal

Plane (between distal tarsals and metatarsals)

Metatarsophalangeal

Condyloid (between metatarsals and proximal phalanges)

Interphalangeal

Hinge (between the phalanges)

Anterior cruciate ligament

Ligament in center of knee joint; attaches to femur and tibia; prevents tibia

from sliding forward on femur

Posterior cruciate ligament

Ligament in center of knee joint; attaches to femur and tibia; prevents tibia

from sliding backward on femur

Patellar ligament

Attaches patella to tibial tuberosity; assists with extension and stability of

knee

Fibular collateral ligament

Ligament on lateral side of knee; attaches to lateral epicondyle of femur and

fibular head; prevents extensive rotation of knee

Tibial collateral ligament

Ligament on medial side of knee; attaches to medial epicondyle of femur and

medial condyle of tibia; prevents extensive rotation of knee

Popliteal ligament

Ligament on posterior surface between femur and tibia; stabilizes posterior

aspect of joint

Quadriceps tendon

Confluence of the quadriceps muscles; extensors of the knee

Lateral meniscus

Crescent-shaped fibrocartilage pad on lateral tibial articular surface; shock

absorption, stabilization of knee; deepens tibial plateau

Medial meniscus

Crescent-shaped fibrocartilage pad on medial tibial articular surface; shock

absorption, stabilization of knee, deepens tibial plateau