crusades

Pope Urban

Issued call for "holy war" and wanted to gain control of the Holy Land.

Crusade

A military campaign initiated by Pope Urban to reclaim Palestine and reunite the church.

Reasons for going

Reunite church, reclaim Palestine, and give kings the opportunity to get rid of fighting knights.

Byzantine emperor

Appealed to Christians to stop Muslim attacks and gain control of key trade routes.

Techniques used

Flattery, contrast/enemies of G-d, unity against the enemy, imagery, and potent messaging.

Legacy

Included dehumanization/demonization of Muslims, increased trade, women managing affairs, and Pope Urban's power weakening.

Consequences

Increased trade, access to more trade routes, women managing affairs, and Muslims becoming more intolerant of Jews and Christians.

Jews

Faced intolerance from Muslims, leading to the translation of Greek and Arabic texts into Latin in areas like science, mathematics, philosophy, and law.