Pope Urban

• Issued call for “holy war”

  • Crusade

• Wanted to gain control of the Holy Land

Reasons for going

• Reunite church

• Reclaim Palestine

• Gave kings the opportunity to get rid of fighting knights

  • Jeopardized peace

• Byzantine emperor appealed to Christians

  • Wanted to stop Muslim Attacks

• Merchants made cash loans and leased ships

  • Wanted to gain control of the key trade routes from the Muslims

• Gave Pope Urban power

  • Unite Christian empires

  • Military power

• Techniques used

  • Flattery

  • contrast/Enemies of G-d

  • Unity against ↑ 

  • Imagery

    • Potent

  • Placing feelings of responsibility

    • Saviors

    • Guilt

  • Legacy

  • dehumanization/demonization of Muslims

Consequences

• People traded more

  • Access to more trade routes

• Women managed more affairs, operated shops

• Pope’s power weakened

• Muslims → more intolerance of Jews and Christians

Jews

• Muslims are intolerant of them

• Helped translate Greek and Arabic texts into Latin

  • Areas covered:

    • Science

    • Mathematics

    • Philosophy

    • Law