Studied by 4 people
saturated
A solution where the solvent has dissolved the maximum amount of solute at a given temperature. No more solute can be dissolved.
unsaturated
A solution that can dissolve more solute at a given temperature. It is below its saturation point.
supersaturated
A solution that holds more solute than it normally can at a given temperature, achieved through cooling or evaporation.
group
families of elements with similar properties
metalloid
elements that share properties of both metals and non metals
valence electron
Electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom
malleability
The property of a material to be shaped or molded without breaking.
ductility
the ability of a material to be stretched into a wire without breaking.
specific heat
the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius.
element
A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.
compound
A substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in fixed proportions. It has unique properties different from its constituent elements.
pure substance
a material with a constant composition and distinct properties, either an element or a compound.
permeable
Allowing liquids or gases to pass through; having small holes or spaces that allow water or air to pass through.
impermeable
Not allowing fluids or gases to pass through.
nitrates
inorganic compounds containing the nitrate ion (NO3-). can contribute to water pollution.
bioindicators
organisms or species used to assess the health of an ecosystem. They can indicate environmental changes and pollution levels.
water hardness
the amount of dissolved calcium and magnesium in water
polarity
being polar, having positive and negative ends
cohesion
particles of the same substance sticking together
adhesion
when water is attracted to a molecule of one or a different kind
watershed
an area of land that collects the runoff from storms
mid-ocean ridge
seafloor mountain system formed when tectonic plates collide
plankton
collection of organisms that drift through water
nekton
collection of organisms able to swim through water
surface zone
area of the ocean where sunlight can reach, epipelagic zone
intertidal zone
area above water on low tides and below water on high tides
deep zone
very deep zone in the ocean, extreme pressure and animals that have adapted to it
open-ocean zone
the area of the ocean outside of coastal zones
upwelling
when nutrients are brought to the surface by the rising of cool water
geothermal power
energy produced through heat within the earth
energy conservation
actions to reduce the amount of energy used
greenhouse effect
when greenhouse gases trap heat within the earth’s atmosphere causing the temperature to rise
symbiosis
interaction between two living organisms
mutualism
symbiosis which benefits both organisms
commensalism
symbiosis which benefits one organism and does not harm the other
parasitism
symbiosis where one organism benefits and the other is harmed
microbiology
the study of microscopic organisms
vector
organisms that carry a disease or parasite
pathogen
a bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease
lipid
fatty compounds that that perform a variety of functions in a body. they do not dissolve in water
diabetes
chronic disease that occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin
nucleic acid
primary information carrying molecules in cells
biotechnology
applying engineering systems to agricultural systems
genetic engineering
the process of altering an organisms DNA
relative age
a fossil or rocks age based off of it’s surroundings
absolute age
a fossil or rocks age based off of absolute time
law of superposition
a law that states that the rock further down is older
index fossil
A fossil used to identify a time of the world or fossil
radioactive decay
when a radioactive nucleus loses radioactivity
geologic time scale
A scale that divides times in history up by the environmental conditions and the organisms living on earth
unconformity
an interruption in the earth’s rock layers ki
anatomy
the bodily structure of humans and other organisms
unfiromitarianism
the theory that the earth’s topography and makeup has been gradually overtime rather than large events that suddenly cause changes.
Note
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