Halogens and Their Reactions

Flashcards related to the halogens, their properties, reactivity, and associated chemical reactions.

Halogens

Elements in Group seven of the periodic table: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine.

Displacement Reaction

A reaction where a more reactive halogen displaces a less reactive halogen in a compound.

Valence Electrons

Halogens have seven electrons in their valence shell and can accept one electron to form an ion with a minus one charge.

Reactivity Trend in Halogens

As you move down the group, the reactivity of the halogens decreases.

Fluorine

The most reactive halogen, a very pale green gas.

Chlorine

A greenish yellow gas and a reactive halogen.

Bromine

A reddish brown liquid that is less reactive than chlorine.

Iodine

A gray solid that sublimes to a purple vapor.

Astatine

A black solid and radioactive element that is the least reactive halogen.

Sodium Chloride

A common metal halide formed from the reaction of sodium metal with chlorine gas.

Hydrogen Halide

A compound formed when halogens react with hydrogen gas.

Potassium Chloride

An aqueous solution that does not react with chlorine water.

Potassium Bromide

An aqueous solution that reacts with chlorine to produce potassium chloride and liberate bromine.

Potassium Iodide

An aqueous solution that reacts with chlorine to liberate iodine.

Reactivity Observation

When bromine water is added to potassium iodide, it displaces iodine, producing a dark brown solution.

Exothermic Reaction

A reaction that releases heat, such as the reaction between sodium and chlorine or between chlorine and hydrogen.