Chapter 6: Personality from Psychodynamic models

Freud's Beliefs about Personality

It is a combination of Innate Instincts + Parental influences

What components did freud believe make up personality

Instincts: drive behavior such as sex, hunger, and thirst

unconscious: thought processes that the person is unaware of

childhood: events, particularly parental influence and nurturing events

What is Psyche

freuds term for personality

Id

Ego

Superego

Id; Instincts

Ego: Reality

Superego: Morality

What is ID (more in depth)

Innate biological instincts and urges, self-serving, irrational, and unconscious.

Desires

Instant satisfaction

Will not wait regardless of the consequences

Defense mechanism (Freud’s theories)

Displacement and Repression

Ego (Explained more in depth)

Partially conscious and partically unconscious

Works on reality principle, delays action until time is appropriate

Superego (More in depth)

Superego comes from our parents or caregivers, guilt comes from the superego.

Two Parts:

Conscience: Reflects actions for which a person gets punished

Ego Ideal: Second part of the superego: reflects behavior that one's parents approved of or rewarded

3 Types of personality

Neurotic, Perverse, Psychotic

Neurotic

Symptoms

chronic distress

conflicts between the three (ID, Ego, Superego)

anxiety, depression, or obsessive-compulsive behavior

Subtypes of a neurotic individual

Generalized anxiety disorder

Obsessive compulsive disorder

Phobias

Panic Disorder

Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

PSomatization Disorder

Psychotic

The Symptoms

Who are they

Severe mental disorder characterized by a loss of contact with reality

Symptoms: Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, and impaired insight and judgment, often leading to significant impairment in daily functioning.

Similar to schizophrenia

(Everything bad comes from the outside world)haC

Characteristics of a psychotic

Paranoid ideation, delusions and hallucinations

Paranoid ideation: Involves unfounded beliefs of being persecuted or threatened

Delusions: False beliefs that persist

Hallucinations: Perceptual experiences

Perverse

Symptoms

Who are they

Deviations from socially acceptable norms of behavior

Perversions involve intense or unusual sexual desires or practices that deviate from cultural norms.

The category of “perverse” is different depending on the community you are in.

Antisocual Personality

Psychopaths

Do things for their benefit, manipulative

How did freud describe perversions?

Concept of perversions as stemming from unsolved conflicts and fixations in early childhood development.

Developmental Stages

Oral (0-18 months)

Anal (18 months to 3 years of age)

Phalic (3 to 5 years of age)

Latency (5 to 12 years of age)

Genital (12 years of age to adulthood)

What happens if you get stuck in one of the stages of development

Oral: hysterical personalities: looking for pleasures or stimulation)

Anal: Obsessive personalities (need of control)

Phalic: Egocentric personality (needing to compete and “it’s never enough”)

Latency: Sexual repression

Genital: Difficulty in intimate relationships.

Eros v.s Thanatos

Eros: Represents the life instinct, which includes desires for love, connection, and creativity

Thanatos represents the death instinct, which encompasses aggressive and destructive tendencies and drives.

These 2 instincts conflict with each other

Eating disorder

Anorexia nervosa

Bulimia Nervosa

Eating control issues

eating too much (purge eating)

not eating enough (lack of appetite or severe restriction). These disorders can be linked to psychodynamic factors such as repressed emotions and conflicts over control.