(*) Emergency Care 14th Edition Midterm Exam (Chapters 1 - 17)

You are on the scene of an explosion at a suspected methamphetamine manufacturing operation. You and your partner are the first to arrive and note two​ middle-aged men and a woman on the front lawn with burns and cuts on their faces and arms. The fire department is en route. Which of the following resources would be the least important to request during the scene​ size-up?
a) Hazardous material clean-up crew
b) Gas company
c) Law enforcement
d) One or two additional ambulances

a) Hazardous material clean-up crew

Which of the following is true concerning the potential for violence at the scene of an EMS​ call?
a) The chance for violence is very low at emergency scenes
b) Signs of impending violence are obvious if you know what to look for
c) An unusual lack of activity at the scene may signal impending violence against the EMT
d) You do not need to worry about violence at an emergency scene once the police have secured it

c) An unusual lack of activity at the scene may signal impending violence against the EMT

You are dispatched to a local bar for the report of an unresponsive female patient found in the bathroom. As you approach the​ scene, you notice a large crowd outside the front door holding beer bottles. The group has pulled the patient outside. As you approach the​ scene, people from the group start​ yelling, "Do​ something! She's not​ breathing." What concerns you the most about this​ scene?
a) The fact that the patient has been moved from where she was found
b) The crowd stating the patient is not breathing
c) The large crowd that has been drinking and is now yelling at you
d) All of the above

c) The large crowd that has been drinking and is now yelling at you

Which of the following may be a hazard at the scene of a vehicle​ collision?
a) Hazardous materials
b) Other emergency vehicles
c) Electrocution
d) All of the above

d) All of the above

Which of the following situations requires additional action by the EMT during scene​ size-up?
a) A vehicle collision involving a​ tractor-trailer that appears to be empty
b) A bystander who is smoking a cigarette at the scene of an assault at a local park
c) The sound of a barking and growling dog upon approaching the door to a residence
d) A news media helicopter hovering overhead at the scene of a vehicle collision

c) The sound of a barking and growling dog upon approaching the door to a residence

As you are assessing a​ 32-year-old asthmatic woman who has called EMS due to difficulty​ breathing, her husband enters the home through a back door and​ shouts, "Get your hands off​ her; she​ doesn't need your help. She needs to be taught a lesson about her smart​ mouth." Which of the following is the best course of​ action?
a) Attempt to remove the patient from the home and continue treatment en route to the hospital
b) Leave the scene and the​ patient, and then notify police
c) Continue assessment and respond that the patient is sick and needs medical attention
d) Let the husband know that his behavior is​ inappropriate, and if it continues you will call for the police

b) Leave the scene and the​ patient, and then notify police

You are on the scene of a tanker truck versus passenger vehicle collision on a rural highway. The vehicles are just beyond a curve in the roadway and there is a distinct odor of diesel fuel. It is dark and there is little traffic. Which of the following should be used to alert oncoming traffic to the​ situation?
a) Yellow crime scene tape
b) Flashing lights on the ambulance
c) Reflective triangles
d) Flares

c) Reflective triangles

At which of the following points should you begin your scene​ size-up?
a) As you approach the scene in the ambulance
b) When you arrive on the​ scene, but before exiting the ambulance
c) After exiting the​ ambulance, but before making patient contact
d) When the patient or family member opens the door to the residence

a) As you approach the scene in the ambulance

When determining possible injuries suffered from a gunshot​ wound, which of the following is​ true?
a) Bullets pass in a straight line through the body from the point of entry to the exit wound
b) The EMT must ask the patient or bystanders exactly where the shooter was standing
c) The EMT must determine the caliber of ammunition involved
d) The EMT must be aware that bullets cause damage in more than one way

d) The EMT must be aware that bullets cause damage in more than one way

Which law of physics explains why a​ patient's liver can be injured from the impact of his car with a​ tree?
a) Newton's law of moving energy
b) Second law of motion
c) Law of inertia
d) Law of kinetic energy

c) Law of inertia

Which of the following will deliver a medium velocity​ impact?
a) Bullet from an assault rifle
b) Butcher knife
c) Ice pick
d) Bullet from a handgun

d) Bullet from a handgun

When considering the potential for injury from a​ fall, which of the following is least​ important?
a) Height of the fall
b) Whether the patient struck anything with his body on the way down
c) Patient's weight
d) Type of surface onto which the patient fell

c) Patient's weight

An injury caused by an object that passes through the skin or other body tissue is known as which of the​ following?
a) Cavitating trauma
b) Impaling trauma
c) Penetrating trauma
d) Puncturing trauma

c) Penetrating trauma

Which of the following best describes​ blunt-force trauma?
a) An object that is not sharp penetrates the body due to the amount of force used
b) An object strikes the body but does not penetrate the body tissues
c) A rounded object impacts the body tissues
d) An object penetrates soft tissue but cannot penetrate bone

b) An object strikes the body but does not penetrate the body tissues

Which of the following is true concerning scene​ size-up?
a) The need for additional resources must be determined on both medical and trauma calls
b) Information from bystanders is not important on trauma calls
c) Scene​ size-up does not play a role in determining the nature of the illness
d) Determining the number of patients is not important on a medical call

a) The need for additional resources must be determined on both medical and trauma calls

A fall is considered severe anytime an adult patient has fallen more than​ ________ feet.
a) 15
b) 8
c) 20
d) 10

c) 20

Which of the following situations will not require additional resources at the​ scene?
a) A​ 300-pound woman complaining of back pain
b) A call to a manufacturing plant where a worker has his hand caught in a machine
c) A call for a sick person at home during which an odor of natural gas is detected
d) A patient with emphysema who is on oxygen therapy at home

d) A patient with emphysema who is on oxygen therapy at home

At what point is the scene​ size-up complete?
a) Upon stabilization of the​ c-spine
b) When the number of patients has been determined
c) When crashed vehicles have been stabilized
d) At the end of the call

d) At the end of the call

At the scene of a vehicle collision in which there are no apparent​ hazards, which of the following guidelines should be followed for establishing a danger​ zone?
a) The danger zone should be 15 feet in all directions
b) The danger zone should be 150 feet in all directions
c) The danger zone should be 50 feet in all directions
d) There is no need to establish a danger zone when there are no apparent hazards

c) The danger zone should be 50 feet in all directions

You and your partner respond to a residence for a fall. You arrive to find a group of approximately 30 adults surrounding a​ middle-aged man who appears to be unconscious. A police car pulls in behind you. You​ should:
a) have the police officer drag the victim over to the ambulance
b) enter the scene ahead of the police officer to provide care
c) wait for the police officer to assess the safety of the scene
d) leave the area and stage until the scene is cleared of people

c) wait for the police officer to assess the safety of the scene

When should the EMT evaluate the need for Standard​ Precautions?
a) An evaluation should be made before arrival​ on-scene
b) An evaluation should be made throughout the call
c) An evaluation should be made once a general impression of the patient has been formed
d) No evaluation is ever​ needed, since the precautions are the same for every call

b) An evaluation should be made throughout the call

In which of the following situations should the EMT consult the Emergency Response Guidebook​?
a) Patient with a suspected infectious disease
b) Downed power lines at the scene of a vehicle collision
c) Domestic disturbance with the potential for violence
d) Chlorine gas leak at a public swimming pool

d) Chlorine gas leak at a public swimming pool

You and your partner are en route to a motor vehicle crash involving a tanker truck on a rural road. Dispatch informs you that fluid is leaking from the​ truck, that there are several bystanders passed out on the ground near the cab of the​ truck, and that a caller has reported the code that appears on a placard attached to the tanker truck. You​ should:
a) park downwind from the tanker truck
b) consult the Emergency Response Guidebook
c) park about 50 feet from the truck
d) remove the bystanders from the scene

b) consult the Emergency Response Guidebook

Where should the EMT assess for injury when caring for a patient who had a​ 10-foot fall and landed square on his​ feet?
a) Patient's pelvis
b) Patient's femur
c) Patient's ankles
d) All of the above

d) All of the above

You should have a keen awareness that there may be injuries based on your scene​ size-up. This is known as which of the​ following?
a) Law of inertia
b) Index of suspicion
c) Nature of illness
d) Mechanism of injury

b) Index of suspicion

Which of the following is not determined in a scene​ size-up?
a) Need for additional resources
b) Potential hazards to the EMS crew
c) Mechanism of injury
d) Chief complaint

d) Chief complaint

As you arrive at the scene of a house​ fire, a very upset man screams at you to help his young​ son, who is trapped under a piece of burning wood on the ground. Which of the following should you do​ first?
a) With the​ father's help, grab the boy by the arms and pull him from underneath the wood
b) Use a blanket to put out the fire on the piece of wood
c) Perform an initial assessment on the patient
d) Size-up the scene before acting

d) Size-up the scene before acting

You have just arrived on the scene of a motor vehicle collision in which a compact car was struck from behind by a delivery truck. The driver of the delivery truck is standing outside his vehicle talking to police when you​ arrive, but the driver of the car is still seated in the​ driver's seat. You have noted moderate damage to the rear of the car. For which of the following injuries should you have the highest level of​ suspicion?
a) Fractures of the lower extremities
b) Abdominal injury
c) Neck injury
d) Chest injury

c) Neck injury

Which of the following is not a consideration that should be used by the EMT in establishing the size of the danger​ zone?
a) Presence of hazardous materials
b) Wind directions
c) Fire
d) Amount of equipment needed

d) Amount of equipment needed

Your patient fell out of a tree while putting the roof on a tree house. A​ 15-foot ladder is required to enter the tree house and there is enough room for an adult to stand up inside. Your patient should be transported​ to:
a) the closest hospital
b) a trauma center
c) a neurosurgery center
d) an urgent care center

b) a trauma center

As you approach the scene of a motorcycle​ accident, you see an EMR trying to stop the bleeding on the​ patient's left arm. You notice that the EMR has blood covering the front of his shirt and running down his arms. What Standard Precautions are​ needed?
a) ​Gloves, gown, eye​ protection, and an​ N-95 or HEPA respirator are needed
b) There is no need for Standard Precautions because you have no open injuries
c) Gloves and gown only are needed
d) Gloves, gown, and face mask with eye shield are needed

d) Gloves, gown, and face mask with eye shield are needed

Your​ patient, a​ 29-year-old female, was the front seat passenger in a vehicle that was struck in the​ passenger's side door by another vehicle that ran a red light. Which of the following is most likely to have​ occurred?
a) The patient took the​ up-and-over pathway, striking her head on the windshield
b) The​ patient's body was pushed forcefully out from under her​ head, causing injury to the cervical spine
c) The patient took the​ down-and-under pathway, causing trauma to her lower extremities
d) The patient impacted the steering wheel with her​ chest, causing a fracture of the sternum

b) The​ patient's body was pushed forcefully out from under her​ head, causing injury to the cervical spine

You are called to a motor vehicle collision where the car is on fire. You should ensure safety​ by:
a) borrowing turnout gear from the fire department
b) using your fire extinguisher to put out the fire
c) remaining a safe distance from the car until the fire is out
d) putting your unit back in service and leaving the scene

c) remaining a safe distance from the car until the fire is out

Which of the following is the purpose of the primary​ assessment?
a) To detect and treat immediately​ life-threatening problems
b) To find all of the​ patient's signs and symptoms
c) To discover trends of improvement or deterioration in the​ patient's condition
d) To detect dangers to the patient​ and/or EMS crew

a) To detect and treat immediately​ life-threatening problems

Your patient is a​ middle-aged man who appears to be in distress and is clutching his chest. These observations lead you to suspect which type of​ problem?
a) Choking
b) Digestive
c) Anaphylaxis
d) Cardiac

d) Cardiac

Which of the following presentations would be considered normal during the breathing phase of the primary​ assessment?
a) Respiratory rate of 6 with shallow depth
b) Respiratory rate of 16 with altered mental status
c) Respiratory rate of 28 with adequate depth
d) Respiratory rate of 12 with adequate depth

d) Respiratory rate of 12 with adequate depth

Which of the following is true concerning the primary​ assessment?
a) The EMT should perform a sternal rub on all patients to test for response to painful stimuli
b) External bleeding will be obvious as you enter the room and initially see the patient
c) Manual airway maneuvers must be performed on all patients
d) The primary assessment begins by just observing the patient as you enter the room

d) The primary assessment begins by just observing the patient as you enter the room

The mnemonic AVPU is used to evaluate which of the​ following?
a) Patient's transport priority
b) Patient's chief complaint
c) Patient's level of responsiveness
d) ​EMT's general impression of the​ patient's condition

c) Patient's level of responsiveness

A patient whose mental status can be described as verbal is able​ to:
a) talk spontaneously and respond to the​ EMT's questions
b) respond only to a stimulus such as the EMT rubbing his sternum with his knuckles
c) tell you his or her​ name, his or her​ location, and what day it is
d) respond to speaking or shouting by opening the eyes

d) respond to speaking or shouting by opening the eyes

Which of the following differences should be expected when assessing a pediatric​ patient, as compared to an adult​ patient?
a) The normal respiratory rate is faster
b) An​ adult's tongue is proportionally larger than that of a child and should always be considered as a potential airway obstruction
c) The normal pulse rate is slower
d) Capillary refill is not as reliable an indicator of circulatory status

a) The normal respiratory rate is faster

During the primary assessment of an unresponsive​ two-month-old infant, which pulse should be​ palpated?
a) Umbilical
b) Radial
c) Carotid
d) Brachial

d) Brachial

During the primary assessment of a responsive adult​ patient, where should the pulse be​ checked?
a) At the carotid artery
b) At the brachial artery
c) At the femoral artery
d) At the radial artery

d) At the radial artery

You are approaching a​ 16-year-old male with bright red spurting blood coming from his leg. He is screaming and he begs you to help him. You​ should:
a) assess his airway
b) control the bleeding
c) apply oxygen
d) ask him to calm down

b) control the bleeding

Which of the following is a good indication of a partially occluded​ airway?
a) The patient has snoring respirations
b) The patient is speaking clearly
c) The patient is alert
d) The patient is crying loudly

a) The patient has snoring respirations

Which of the following is not assessed during the breathing phase of the primary​ assessment?
a) The depth of respiration
b) The pulse oximetry reading
c) The presence of respirations
d) The respiratory rate

b) The pulse oximetry reading

Which of the following questions will most likely elicit your​ patient's chief​ complaint?
a) How have you been feeling​ lately?
b) Have you been drinking​ today?
c) What made you call 911 this​ evening?
d) Do you have any medical​ problems?

c) What made you call 911 this​ evening?

In​ EMS, which of the following best describes the term
intervention​?
a) Taking steps to correct a problem
b) Creating a permanent record of patient care
c) Decreasing the​ EMT's liability for negligence
d) Determining if there is a problem

a) Taking steps to correct a problem

You are approaching an adult female lying supine on the ground with snoring respirations. You​ should:
a) insert an oropharyngeal airway
b) insert a nasopharyngeal airway
c) open her airway with a​ jaw-thrust maneuver
d) ventilate with a​ bag-valve mask

c) open her airway with a​ jaw-thrust maneuver

Which of the following is not performed during the airway phase of the primary​ assessment?
a) Obtaining the respiratory rate
b) Head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver
c) Suctioning
d) Insertion of an oropharyngeal airway

a) Obtaining the respiratory rate

Which term refers to the​ EMT's initial sense of the​ patient's condition, based on immediate assessment of the​ patient's environment,​ appearance, and chief​ complaint?
a) General impression
b) Secondary assessment
c) Primary assessment
d) Scene-size up

a) General impression

Which of the following is not true regarding a patient who has a mental status of less than​ alert?
a) He requires​ high-concentration oxygen
b) His brain may not be getting enough oxygen
c) He may not have adequate blood circulation
d) He is in a state of rapid eye movement sleep

d) He is in a state of rapid eye movement sleep

Which of the following is not part of the general​ impression?
a) ​Patient's facial expression
b) Patient's past medical history
c) ​Patient's age and sex
d) Position in which the patient is found

b) Patient's past medical history

You have arrived on the scene at a high school football field where a​ 17-year-old male is lying on the ground. He is unresponsive and​ cyanotic, and he is making obvious respiratory effort without moving adequate amounts of air. Which of the following should be done​ first?
a) Apply​ high-concentration oxygen by nonrebreather mask
b) Insert a nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal airway
c) Assist ventilations with a​ bag-valve-mask device and supplemental oxygen
d) Open the​ patient's airway using a manual maneuver

d) Open the​ patient's airway using a manual maneuver

For which of the following patients would capillary refill be a reliable sign of circulatory​ status?
a) 50-year-old woman complaining of chest pain
b) 92-year-old man complaining of weakness on his right side
c) ​3-year-old child with a fever and cough
d) 24-year-old homeless man who has spent the night outside in the rain

c) ​3-year-old child with a fever and cough

Which of the following represents the correct order of assessment for the EMT during the primary assessment from start to​ end?
a) Mental​ status, general​ impression, airway,​ breathing, circulation, patient priority
b) General​ impression, mental​ status, airway,​ breathing, circulation, patient priority
c) Patient​ priority, general​ impression, mental​ status, airway,​ breathing, circulation
d) None of the above

b) General​ impression, mental​ status, airway,​ breathing, circulation, patient priority

Which of the following indicates a possible circulatory​ problem?
a) Weak, thready pulse that is normal in rate
b) Rapid pulse
c) Slow pulse
d) All of the above

d) All of the above

Your patient is a​ 42-year-old woman who fell two feet from a ladder and is complaining of pain in her ankle. Which of the following are you unable to determine from the information​ given?
a) Chief complaint
b) Airway status
c) Transport priority
d) General impression

c) Transport priority

You are approaching a young adult male lying supine on the ground with his eyes closed. You​ should:
a) open his airway
b) ask him if he is okay
c) expose his chest
d) feel for a pulse

b) ask him if he is okay

Which of the following describes the chief​ complaint?
a) Overall impression of the​ patient's condition
b) Events immediately preceding the call for EMS
c) Reason why the patient summoned EMS
d) All of the above

c) Reason why the patient summoned EMS

You enter a room to find a​ 16-year-old female sitting upright in a chair with her back​ straight, leaning​ forward, and her arms supporting her. She is having a hard time talking to you. You should​ suspect:
a) abdominal pain
b) allergic reaction
c) respiratory distress
d) chest discomfort

c) respiratory distress

Which of the following is the correct manner for checking for responsiveness in an apparently unresponsive​ infant?
a) Flicking the soles of the feet
b) Rubbing the sternum with your knuckles
c) Pinching the earlobe
d) Shaking the child

a) Flicking the soles of the feet

Which of the following techniques is used when formulating the general​ impression?
a) Detecting odors
b) Looking for visual clues
c) Listening for unusual sounds
d) All of the above

d) All of the above

What is the first thing the EMT does during the primary​ assessment?
a) Forms a general impression
b) Determines transport priority
c) Assess mental status
d) Opens the airway

a) Forms a general impression

Your patient is a​ 33-year-old man who has been ejected from his vehicle during a​ high-speed collision. During your primary assessment it is discovered that he is not​ moving, does not appear to have adequate​ respirations, and has suffered moderate external bleeding. Which of the following should be done​ first?
a) Begin​ bag-valve-mask ventilations
b) Check the​ patient's carotid pulse
c) Open the airway
d) Control the bleeding with direct pressure

c) Open the airway

You find a teenage male lying supine in his bedroom. You hear gurgling sounds from the​ patient's mouth and see vomit with pill fragments on the floor. You​ should:
a) perform chest thrusts
b) suction the airway
c) identify the pills
d) ventilate with oxygen

b) suction the airway

Your patient is a​ 72-year-old female who has​ "twisted her​ ankle" coming down some steps. She is alert and complaining of pain in her right​ ankle, but she jokes about her​ "clumsiness." Which of the following should you do​ next?
a) Administer​ high-concentration oxygen by nonrebreather mask
b) Take immediate manual control of the​ patient's cervical spine
c) Determine the presence of a carotid pulse
d) Ask if the patient has pain anywhere beside her ankle

d) Ask if the patient has pain anywhere beside her ankle

Which of the following is the proper position for maintaining the airway in a child with a decreased level of​ consciousness?
a) Placing the head and neck in a neutral​ position; using a folded towel under the shoulders if necessary
b) Using a cervical collar to keep the chin elevated
c) Hyperextension of the​ neck; placing a pillow under the back if necessary
d) Flexing the neck to place the chin on the​ chest; placing a folded towel under the back of the head if necessary

a) Placing the head and neck in a neutral​ position; using a folded towel under the shoulders if necessary

In the primary​ assessment, which of the following is not an acceptable method of assessing the​ patient's circulatory​ status?
a) Looking for serious bleeding
b) Assessing the​ patient's skin color
c) Checking a radial pulse
d) Taking a blood pressure reading

d) Taking a blood pressure reading

In​ EMS, what does mental status refer​ to?
a) The​ patient's general level of intelligence
b) The​ patient's level of awareness of his surroundings
c) Any history of mental illness that the patient may have
d) None of the above

b) The​ patient's level of awareness of his surroundings

You find a​ middle-aged unresponsive man lying prone on the ground near a ladder. You​ should:
a) move the ladder out of the way
b) manually immobilize his head
c) pick him up with a scoop stretcher
d) roll him over to a supine position

b) manually immobilize his head

You are at the scene where a​ 19-year-old female college student has been drinking large quantities of alcohol throughout the evening. On your​ arrival, the patient is lying on her back with no signs of​ trauma; has​ vomited; and has​ slow, wet sounding respirations. Which of the following should you do​ next?
a) Assist respirations with a​ bag-valve-mask device
b) Open the​ patient's airway using a​ head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver
c) Check for carotid and radial pulses
d) Determine the respiratory rate

b) Open the​ patient's airway using a​ head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver

What is a normal capillary refill time in a pediatric​ patient?
a) 3 seconds
b) less than 2 seconds
c) 5 seconds
d) 1 minute

b) less than 2 seconds

Which of the following best describes an EMS​ provider's "sixth​ sense"?
a) Diagnostic ability
b) Scene safety
c) General impression
d) Clinical judgment

d) Clinical judgment

Which of the following patients is a high priority for​ transport?
a) Adult male with dull abdominal pain
b) Adult male with difficulty breathing
c) Adult male with a headache
d) Adult male with sharp lower back pain

b) Adult male with difficulty breathing

Which of the following findings is generally not used to assess an​ adult's circulation?
a) ​Patient's skin​ color, temperature, and condition
b) Evaluation for bleeding
c) ​Patient's capillary refill time
d) ​Patient's distal pulse rate

c) ​Patient's capillary refill time

Which of the following is the most reliable means of determining whether a patient has any immediately​ life-threatening conditions?
a) Systematic approach to assessment
b) Use of intuition
c) Thorough scene​ size-up
d) Obtaining a detailed medical history

a) Systematic approach to assessment

Breathing sounds that should concern the EMT​ are:
a) retractions and diaphragm breathing
b) ​tachycardia, retractions, and diaphragm breathing
c) snoring, gurgling,​ wheezing, crowing, and expiration
d) ​snoring, gurgling,​ wheezing, and crowing

d) ​snoring, gurgling,​ wheezing, and crowing

You are attempting to assess the blood pressure of a​ 35-year-old male at the scene of a multiple vehicle collision. The scene is very noisy and you are unable to clearly hear the​ patient's heartbeat. You​ should:
a) use an automatic blood pressure machine
b) have your partner try auscultating the blood pressure
c) try using the​ patient's other arm
d) obtain the blood pressure by palpation

d) obtain the blood pressure by palpation

Which of the following is a normal respiratory rate for an adult at​ rest?
a) 8 to 10 breaths per minute
b) 12 to 20 breaths per minute
c) 21 to 25 breaths per minute
d) 24 to 30 breaths per minute

b) 12 to 20 breaths per minute

Your patient has a heart rate of​ 82, a respiratory rate of​ 16, and a blood pressure of​ 120/80 and does not appear to be in any distress. You should repeat vital sign measurements at least​ every:
a) 5 minutes
b) 20 minutes
c) 15 minutes
d) 10 minutes

c) 15 minutes

When taking blood pressure​ manually, the cuff should be inflated to what​ point?
a) Until the patient says it hurts
b) Until the gauge reads 200 mmHg
c) Until the Velcro starts to crackle
d) 30 mmHg beyond the point where the pulse disappears

d) 30 mmHg beyond the point where the pulse disappears

All of the following are common techniques for measuring blood pressure except​:
a) sphygmomanometer
b) auscultation
c) palpation
d) blood pressure monitor

a) sphygmomanometer

Upon assessment of your​ patient, you notice that he has​ cool, sweaty skin. This finding is best described as which of the​ following?
a) Vital sign
b) Diagnosis
c) Complaint
d) Symptom

a) Vital sign

An oxygen saturation of 97 percent is considered which of the​ following?
a) Hypoxia
b) Severe hypoxia
c) Normal
d) Significant hypoxia

c) Normal

You are transporting a patient to the hospital from a motor vehicle crash. Your​ patient's initial blood pressure was​ 88/52. You should reassess blood​ pressure:
a) at least every 15 minutes
b) only if the pulse rate changes
c) only if the patient gets worse
d) at least every 5 minutes

d) at least every 5 minutes

You are assessing a​ 48-year-old male who is unconscious. The scene is safe and you hear the patient gurgling. What is your next​ action?
a) Quickly check the pulse
b) Insert an airway adjunct
c) Suction the airway
d) Open the airway with a head tilt

c) Suction the airway

Your patient is in late stages of liver failure and has requested to be transported to the emergency department. You notice his skin is warm and dry with a yellow color. Your radio report to the hospital should state your patient​ is:
a) mottled
b) jaundiced
c) cyanotic
d) flushed

b) jaundiced

A device that uses wavelengths of light to measure oxygen saturation
​(SpO2​) is called​ a(n):
a) sphygmomanometer
b) capnographer
c) pulse oximeter
d) end tidal CO2 meter

c) pulse oximeter

A(n) ________ set of vital signs is important for critical decision making for the EMT.
a) unbiased
b) repeated
c) complete
d) accurate

d) accurate

What category would include a patient with a blood pressure of​ 134/84 mmHg?
a) Hypertension
b) Prehypertension
c) Hypotension
d) Normotension

b) Prehypertension

What is the normal response of the pupils when exposed to bright​ light?
a) Constriction
b) Dilation
c) Fluttering
d) No effect

a) Constriction

Slight movement of the chest during respiration is usually indicative of which of the​ following?
a) Noisy breathing
b) Labored breathing
c) Shallow breathing
d) Normal breathing

c) Shallow breathing

Which of the following is the best way to assess a​ patient's skin​ temperature?
a) Place your cheek against the​ patient's forehead
b) Place the back of your hand against the​ patient's abdomen
c) Place your cheek against the​ patient's abdomen
d) Place the back of your hand against the​ patient's forehead

d) Place the back of your hand against the​ patient's forehead

You are assessing a​ 55-year-old male complaining of chest pain and have determined that his radial pulse is barely palpable. You also determine that there were 20 pulsations over a span of 30 seconds. Based on​ this, how would you report this​ patient's pulse?
a) Pulse​ 20, weak, and regular
b) Pulse 40 and weak
c) Pulse​ 40, weak, and irregular
d) Pulse 20 and weak

b) Pulse 40 and weak

You are called to care for a child who has fallen out of a​ third-story window. You arrive to find the child in his​ mother's arms. As you​ approach, you notice the​ child's skin is pale with dark spots of cyanosis. You would report this uncommon condition of blotchy skin​ as:
a) mottling
b) cyanotic
c) flushed
d) jaundiced

a) mottling

You are assessing an​ 82-year-old female who has been lost in the woods behind her nursing home for several hours on a crisp fall evening. Your pulse oximeter shows her oxygen saturation to be 82 percent even though she appears to be breathing adequately. In order to ensure an accurate​ reading, you​ should:
a) place the probe on the​ patient's earlobe
b) warm the​ patient's hands and try again
c) try a different pulse oximeter
d) place the probe on the​ patient's toe

b) warm the​ patient's hands and try again

You are unable to find a radial pulse on a patient from a motor vehicle crash. You​ should:
a) listen for heart sounds
b) attempt to find the carotid pulse
c) begin chest compressions
d) apply the pulse oximeter

b) attempt to find the carotid pulse

You are called to a​ 72-year-old patient with weakness and headache and an initial blood pressure of​ 140/92. Her repeat blood pressure at 5 minutes is unchanged. Her condition is​ called:
a) prehypertension
b) hypotension
c) hypertension
d) stroke

c) hypertension

When pupils are​ dilated, they​ are:
a) irregularly shaped
b) elliptical or elongated in shape
c) smaller than normal
d) larger than normal

d) larger than normal

In a blood pressure reading of​ 120/80, what body process does the 120​ measure?
a) Diastolic blood​ pressure; when the right ventricle contracts and the blood is forced into the veins
b) Systolic blood​ pressure; when the right ventricle contracts and the blood is forced into the veins
c) Diastolic blood​ pressure; when the left ventricle contracts and the blood is forced into the arteries
d) Systolic blood​ pressure; when the left ventricle contracts and the blood is forced into the arteries

d) Systolic blood​ pressure; when the left ventricle contracts and the blood is forced into the arteries