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28 Terms

1

What is the binding site for the lac repressor in E. coli?

The promoter region.

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2

Where do microRNAs (miRNAs) typically bind to exert their regulatory effects?

To messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules.

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3

In which direction does DNA replication occur in eukaryotes?

5’ -> 3’ direction.

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4

What is the primary role of transcription factors in gene expression?

To regulate the initiation of transcription by binding to specific DNA sequences.

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5

What is the result of DNA replication?

Two DNA molecules, each with one new strand and one original strand.

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6

Are Hox genes found in different organisms used to make ribosomes?

False.

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7

What is an example of an epigenetic modification?

Methylation of DNA that silences a specific gene.

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8

Did Rosalind Franklin win a Nobel Prize for her work in DNA x-ray diffraction?

False.

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9

Is tRNA required for translation?

True.

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10

What happens during the metaphase stage of mitosis?

Chromosomes align in the middle of the cell.

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11

Are introns transcribed into mRNA?

False. Introns are non-coding.

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12

What best describes the function of transfer RNA (tRNA) in protein synthesis?

Carrying amino acids to the ribosome during translation.

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13

What must primase add for DNA replication to proceed?

RNA primer.

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14

How does DNA packaging affect gene expression in eukaryotes?

By controlling access to DNA.

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15

Is RNAi a mechanism for combating virus infections only in plants?

False.

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16

Which statement about DNA in cells is FALSE?

DNA in cells differ to produce specific/unique organs in the body.

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17

What chromosome number does a zygote have after fertilization?

A diploid chromosome number - one from each parent.

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18

What is NOT a possible cause of epigenetic changes?

DNA mutations.

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19

What is the primary function of RNA polymerase in the cell?

To transcribe DNA into RNA.

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20

What holds the two strands of the DNA double helix together?

Hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs.

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21

What is the correct base pair complement for the DNA sequence GGTA?

CCAT.

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22

In the presence of lactose, what happens to the lac operon?

The operon is turned on, and genes for lactose metabolism are transcribed.

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23

What are ribosomes composed of?

RNA and protein.

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24

How many codons are needed to encode for six amino acids?

6 codons.

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25

Does the order of nitrogenous bases in DNA determine the order of amino acids in proteins?

True.

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26

What is most likely responsible for the appearance of a mutant fruit fly?

A mutation in a hox gene.

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27

Does meiosis occur in both somatic and germ cells?

False.

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28

What does the Central Dogma in molecular biology refer to?

DNA -> RNA -> Protein.

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