Properties of Solutions and Solubility

Flashcards that cover key concepts about solutions, solubility, and the types of compounds that can dissolve in water.

Solution

A homogeneous mixture of 2 or more substances.

Solute

The substance which is dissolved in a solution (e.g., chocolate syrup, NaCl, CH12).

Solvent

The substance doing the dissolving (e.g., water, alcohol).

Aqueous solution (aq)

A solution in which water is the solvent.

'Like dissolves like' principle

Substances with similar polarities will mix.

Solubility

The measure of how much substance will dissolve in a solvent.

Nonpolar compounds

Compounds with equal sharing of electrons, symmetrical molecules, and no charged ends (e.g., H2, O2, CH4, CO2).

Polar covalent compounds

Compounds with unequal sharing of electrons that have charged ends (e.g., H2O, NH3, HF, C2H2O).

Ionic compounds

Compounds formed by the transfer of electrons that result in charged ions (e.g., NaCl, MgCl2, KCl).

Dissolving process in water

Polar and ionic compounds dissolve in water due to the interaction between charged ends.