Unit 1: Chemistry of Life

lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and proteins

what are the four main organic macromolecules?

monomers

several copies of a single unit that make up macromolecules

polymers

monomers link to form blank

nucleotides

nucleic acids are made of blank

monosaccharides composed of C,H, and O

carbohydrates are made of blank

amino acids linked by peptide bonds

proteins are made of blank

fatty acids and glycerol

lipids are made of blank and blank

source of energy

function of carbohydrates

antibodies, musclefibers

function of proteins

make up genetic info

function of nucleic acids

makes up cell membranes

function of lipids

table sugar, milk

food sources of carbohydrates

meat, nuts, beans

food sources of proteins

plants, fish

food sources of nucleic acids

vegetables, oils

food sources of lipids

glucose, fructose, sucrose

examples of carbohydrates

enzymes

examples of proteins

DNA, RNA

examples of nucleic acids

phospholipids, cholesterol

examples of lipids

triglycerides

one of the most common dietary lipid groups, found the most in body tissue

1. The protein test in Figure 1 might be surprising because we would expect there to be protein from sources like the beef patty.

2. I would infer that since fast food is very cheap, chains like McDonald's aren't able to afford quality, protein rich meat.

Why might the protein test results shown in figure 1 be somewhat surprising?

Given what you know about fast food, what would you infer is the rationale behind these results?

Polysaccharides and lipids are present, proteins are hard to tell in this sample.

In this example, which macromolecules seems to be present in the McMush slurry?

The positive and negative control tests act as standards of comparison for the substance we are testing, which in this case was the Mcslush.

The first column has the positive control tests, the second column had the negative control tests. What is the purpose of a positive and negative control test?

enzymes, antibodies, cell receptors, structural molecules such as keratin in hair, hormone such as insulin

protein examples

oils (from plants), fats (from animals), blubber, most abundant molecules in cell membranes, steroid hormone such as testosterone

lipids examples

Carbohydrates, starch, glycogen, fructose, sucrose

sugars examples

DNA, RNA

nucleic acids examples