LECTURE 9 - Organized crime: political and corporate alliances

exchanges between —— and ——- are common

underworld and upperworld

public trust can be the

organizers of crime

organized crime is intergral part of ————— structure

policial, economic and social

political corruption is..

essential to survival of organized crime

organized crime and public officals have what kind of relationship?

a symbiotic one

the untouchables?

transnational organized crime behind diplomatic privileges and immunities

organized crime enters or engages in politics for number of reasons such as…

securing profitable criminal activities

diplomatic immunity is not only for …. it is also for…..

members of government/heads of state ; diplomatic agents

diplomatic agent?

public officer who acts as an intermediary between a foreign nation (receiving state) and nation which employed and accredited the diplomatic agent (sending state)

main function of diplomatic agent?

supervise/transact affairs of homestate and protection of interests/welfare of citizens

diplomatic privileges?

immunity from criminal jurisdiction and civil, and administrative jurisdiction, exemption from taxation

what are privileges?

mainly pertain to the right to commit certain activities and engage in relationships that other are not entitles to

what is immunity?

exemption from local jurisdiction

immunity and privileges are enshrined in..

1961 vienna convention on diplomatic relations

vienna convention on diplomatic relations, makes the ability for law enforcement to ——- almost impossible

exercise power

one issue of diplomats being caught in engaging in criminal activity?

treatment by law enforcement is overly generous

diplomatic agents as victims of organized crime?

they are exploited by organized crime groups but the diplomatic agent has no knowledge of the exploitation

diplomaric agents can be victims of organized crime if…

their families participate in organized crime without knowledge of the diplomatic agent

diplomatic agents as facilitators of criminal activity example?

visa malfeasance

diplomatic agents as principal perpetrators?

there is a lack of data on this

criminal enterprises often have…… of legal businesses

same/similar characteristics

organized crime looks for….

safe investments

what kind of legitimate businesses do organized crime groups look for?

bars, nightclubs, trucking

why look for legitimate investments?

because they may be constrained by illegal markets

reciprocal relationships unite…and therefore, organized crime becomes a

criminals, clients and government representatives ….bridge

organized crime becomes a bridge between

covert and overt

example of reciprocity

liquor syndicates in prohibition era - philidelphia

5 functions of legitimate business

•1. A means to conceal other illegal activities

•2. A means to launder profits from criminal activities

•3. A source of legitimate and reportable income 

•4. Furtherance of and the already high degree of integration between organized crime and respectable business people

•5. Stable and relatively safe investment opportunities (Lyman, 379)

organized crime can also provide…

useful necessary services to businesses

relationship between organized crime and business is….

functional and necessary

illegitimate money has been used in

illicit endeavours

quebec corruption inquiry is also known as

charbonneau commission

quebec corruption inquiry focus?

construction industry

recommendations include…

creation of an independent authority to oversee public contracts, better protection for whistleblowers, increased penalties

name of documentary?

timber mafia

documentary based on

illegal timberwood chopping and aquiry

in what country was the timber shown in?

Indonesia

Indonesia has —% of the worlds tropical forests

10

criminal boss involved in the illegal logging?

abdul rasiyd