Prophase 1

What are the central elements of the synaptonemal complex?

Protein rods located between lateral elements.

What are the five stages of Prophase I in meiosis?

Leptotene, Zygotene, Pachytene, Diplotene, Diakinesis.

What are the lateral elements of the synaptonemal complex?

Protein rods associated with each chromosome.

What are transverse fibers in the synaptonemal complex?

Bridges connecting the central and lateral elements.

What does "Diakinesis" mean in Greek?

Movement through.

What does "Diplotene" mean in Greek?

Two threads.

What does "Leptotene" mean in Greek?

Thin threads.

What does "Pachytene" mean in Greek?

Thick pairs.

What does "Zygotene" mean in Greek?

Paired threads.

What happens in Diakinesis?

Chromosomes condense further and prepare for metaphase I.

What happens in Diplotene (Diplonema)?

Crossing-over occurs; chiasmata form between non-sister chromatids.

What happens in Leptotene (Leptonema)?

Chromosomes condense and become visible as thin, duplicated threads.

What happens in Pachytene (Pachynema)?

Homologous chromosomes complete pairing; bivalents are fully formed.

What happens in Zygotene (Zygonema)?

Homologous chromosomes begin pairing (synapsis) and form synaptonemal complexes.

What is a chiasma?

The point where non-sister chromatids exchange genetic material during crossing-over.

What is a synaptonemal complex?

Protein structure that connects homologous chromosomes during synapsis.