Statistics and Probability

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28 Terms

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Probability

- is the chance that something will happen.

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Statistic

- value that tells or describe something about a sample.

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Statistics

- is the SCIENCE of Planning studies, collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing or summmarizing, interpreting, and drawing conclusion based on the data.

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Variable

- a characteristic that is observable and measurable in every unit of a universe.

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Inferential

- using a sample to interpret and draw conclusion based on the data or about a population.

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Sample space

- all possible outcomes of an experiment.

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Survey

- This refers to a method of collecting information about a population in which direct contact is made with the units of study through systematic means such as questionnaires and interview schedules.

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Convenience

Sampling- is a process of picking out people in the most and fastest way to get reactions immediately.

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Parameter

- It is a value that tells or describe something about a population.

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Purposive Sampling

- It is based on certain criteria laid down by the researcher.

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Frame

- a collection of units, (referred to as sampling units) in a population; the materials or devices, which delimit, identify and allow access to the elements of the target population.

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Universe

- collection or set of entities from whom we go the data.

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Ordinal

- variable are rank ordered according to their magnitude or intensity.

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Qualitative

- non- numeric and express categorical attributes.

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Organization

- determining /ascertaining manner of of presenting the data into tables /graphs or chart so that logical and statistical conclusion can be drawn from collected measurement.

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Descriptive

- collection, organization, presentation, analysis /summarization of data.

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Leptokurtic

- High degree of peakedness, Kurtosis> 0.

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Population

- the set of all possible values of a variable.

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Multi

- stage Sampling- Selection of the sample is done in two or more steps or stages, with sampling units varying in each stage.

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Sample

- subgroup of a population.

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Statistical experiment

- used to describe any process by which several chance observations are obtained.

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standard deviation

STANDARD SCORE or Z- SCORE- equivalent value of a raw score expressed in terms of the mean and of the distribution.

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Non Probability Sampling

- The sample is not a proportion of the population and there is no system in selecting the sample.

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O Census

or complete enumeration- This is a survey in which data are to be collected from all elements of the target population.

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Accidental Sampling

- There is no system of selection but only those whom the researcher or interviewer meets by chance.

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Quota Sampling

- There is specified number of persons of certain types is included in the sample.

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Sample survey

O - This refers to the gathering of information from only a fraction of the population chosen to represent the whole.

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Inferential

- Percentages and sample size.