Physical Development Milestones

What direction are developmental milestones?

Cephalic to caudal

What are the characteristics of developmental milestones?

Continuous and sequential, occurs from general to specific

What develops with gross motor skills?

Development of locomotion, large muscles, arms and legs

What develops with fine motor skills?

Small muscles, gain control of hands, feet, fingers, and toes

What develops with vision and fine manipulation

Eye-hand control

What develops with hearing and speech?

Language

What develops with personal and social?

Learning the skills that enable a person to interact and communicate with others in a meaningful way

What is the newborn/fetal position at birth?

Prone; pelvis high, knees under abdomen

At 4 weeks what should happen developmentally?

Smiles at parents, fixes and follows, hear high pitch sounds

At 4 weeks what position should infant maintain?

Ventral; briefly holds head up

At 2 months what should happen developmentally?

Able to follow objects up to 18 inches, hearing is improving, smile when smiled at, hold their head head a little steadier

At 3 months what should happen developmentally?

Hold head up, good eye contact, hold rattle in hand, turns to sound at ear level

At 4-5 months what should happen developmentally?

Able to reach out for object, holds head steady, rolls over supine to prone, plays with fingers, hands, and toes, put everything in their mouth, can smile at self in mirror, laughs when tickled

At 6 months what should happen developmentally?

Passes a toy or object between hands, babble, vocalizes to him/herself, can raise themselves, sits alone with hands forward

At 8-9 months what should happen developmentally?

Crawls about on the floor, pulls self up to stand next to a support, hold spoon to feed self

At 10-12 months what should happen developmentally?

Index finger approach finger thumb apposition, waves bye-bye, stands alone with support, casting objects, walks without support, single words

At 15 months what should happen developmentally?

Feeds self, walk and run well, stop and recover objects, make tower of at least 2-3 cubes, says several words

At 18-24 months what should happen developmentally?

Can jump in place, scribbles, can put words together, say their name, can name items and animals, they can start to learn potty training, can undress themselves

What should a child be able to do before starting toilet training?

Walk to the toilet, sit up on the toilet, stay dry for several hours or wake up dry after nap, pull clothes up and down, follow simple instructions, communicate the need to go to the toilet, demonstrate independence by saying “no”, show interest in toilet training

What are gross motor skills a 2-3 year old have?

Runs with few falls or trips, walks up stairs while holding onto something, climbs, jump over small obstacles

What are fine motor skills a 2-3 year old have?

Brushes teeth with help, draws and scribbles, turns pages of a book, buttons/zips with help, builds using 6 blocks stacked on top of each other

What are gross motor skills a 3-5 year old have?

Runs with coordination, catches a ball, throws a ball 5 to 15 feet with overhand motion, walks up and down stairs alone, hops on one foot, rides a tricycle and steers well

What are fine motor skills a 3-5 year old have?

Cuts paper in shapes, draws with crayons, color within the lines

When should first tooth come?

6-8 months

What should first solid food?

6 months

When should crawling happen?

9 months

When should assisted walking occur?

10-14 months

When should unassisted walking occur?

12-18 months

When should first talking?

10-15 words at 18 months

When do you develop hand dominance?

4-6 years of age

What are gross motor skills a 5-10 year old have?

Change clothes without help, catches ball, runs easily, rides a bicycle, kicks a ball, carries out household tasks

What are fine motor skills a 5-10 year old have?

Draws multiple shapes and figures with various implements, strings beads for projects, uses comb or toothbrush, writes well