HW per 6

Why are NVMe SSDs better than SATA?

Faster speeds and lower latency, ideal for gaming and editing

What are the requirements for RAID 10?

requires at least four drives for superior performance and redundancy.

How do basic and dynamic disks differ?

Basic disks use partitions; dynamic disks allow configurations like spanning and mirroring.

What are key features of dynamic disks?

Support for striped, spanned, or mirrored volumes, offering flexibility for enterprise environments.

What is the benefit of RAID 1? (mirroring)

Redundancy and data availability if one drive fails.

What is RAID 5's advantage?

If a drive fails, you still have access to all data.

What does AHCI enable?

Hot-swapping SATA drives without shutting down

How does eSATA compare to USB and Thunderbolt?

eSATA has a similar speed to USB 3.0 but lacks power delivery.

How do PATA and SATA differ?

PATA uses bulky cables and is slower, while SATA offers better speed and efficiency with serial data transfer

What is the speed advantage of SSHDs

SSHDs cache frequently accessed data in flash memory, making them faster than HDDs but slower than SSDs for random access.

What is a disadvantage about RAID 0?

a single drive failure causes total data loss.

What are the advantages of cloud storage?

Scalable and has remote data access.

What are GPT's advanced features?

GPT supports larger disks, up to 128 partitions, and has built-in redundancy.

How does NVMe differ from AHCI?

AHCI supports hot-swapping for SATA drives, while NVMe uses PCIe

TRS

Tip Ring Sleeve

How do SSHDs compare to SSDs in performance and cost?

SSHDs combine HDD storage with flash memory for speed, while SSDs are faster but cost more per GB.

When should RAID 5 or RAID 10 be used?

RAID 5: Cost-effective redundancy with parity.
RAID 10: High speed and redundancy for performance-critical systems.

What are the differences between FAT32, exFAT, NTFS, and ext4?

FAT32: 4 GB file limit.
exFAT: No file size limits.
NTFS: Advanced features like encryption and compression.
ext4: Reliable and fast, used in Linux systems.

What connectors are used for SSDs?

SATA for 2.5", M.2 or PCIe for NVMe SSDs.

What is FAT32's file size limit?

4 GB

What is the difference between SATA and eSATA?

SATA is for internal connections; eSATA provides external connectivity.

What is the primary function of RAID 1?

RAID 1 mirrors data for redundancy, ensuring availability if one drive fails.

Which file system is best for cross-platform use?

exFAT

OCR

Optical Character Recognition, recognizes text in scanned documents

ADF

Automatic Document Feeder

Types of scanners

Flatbed, sheet-fed, handheld,

What are specialized scanner types?

ADF
Film Scanner
Barcode/QR Scanners:

What are examples of biometric devices?

Fingerprint Scanner
Facial Recognition
eye Scanners
Voice Recognition

Optical Drive Connections

Internal- SATA/PATA
External- USB drive connections

RAID

Redundant Array of Independent Disks

What are the key RAID levels and their functions?

RAID 0: Striping for speed, no redundancy.
RAID 1: Mirroring for redundancy.
RAID 5: Parity for recovery and efficiency.
RAID 10: Combines mirroring and striping.

What does the boot order determine?

It decides which drive boots the operating system

What are drive modes in BIOS/UEFI?

AHCI or RAID modes

What is Secure Boot?

It ensures only trusted software can boot for added security

What is the function of an optical drive?

Reads/writes data on CDs, DVDs, and Blu-rays.

What is a partition?

A logical division of a physical disk.

What is a volume?

A formatted partition used for data storage.

What is a spanned volume?

Combines multiple drives into one logical space.

What is a striped volume?

Distributes data across drives for improved speed.

What is M.2?

A compact storage interface supporting SATA and NVMe.

Why is NVMe preferred for performance-critical tasks?

It provides faster data transfer via PCIe.

What are the differences between PATA, SATA, and SAS?

PATA: Slower, bulky cables.
SATA: Faster, efficient with hot-swapping.
SAS: High-speed, reliability.