ap world test ALL UNITS flashcards

Abbasid Caliphate

Islamic Empire with a capital in Baghdad known for developments in trade.

Filial Piety

The practice of honoring one's ancestors and parents, often placing low importance on daughters-in-law.

Crusades

Military campaigns by European Christians to convert Muslims and non-Christians from 1095 to 1291.

Genghis Khan

Founder of the Mongol Empire, known for unifying tribes in Mongolia and expanding their reach.

Silk Roads

Trade routes established by the Han dynasty, significantly influencing the Mongol Empire.

Magna Carta

Signed in 1215, it granted citizens the right to a fair trial.

Yuan Dynasty

The first foreign-ruled dynasty in China established by the Mongols from 1279 to 1368.

Ottoman Empire

An Islamic empire founded by Osman Bey, known for its rapid expansion and use of gunpowder weapons.

Mansa Musa

Mali ruler whose pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324 showcased the wealth of Mali to the Mediterranean.

Inca Empire

An expansionist civilization known for its bureaucracy, roads, and the Mit’a System of required labor.

Swahili state-building

A process of developing regional states along the East African coast around 1440.

Printing Press

Invented by Johannes Gutenberg in 1440, it made books more accessible and increased literacy.

Atlantic Slave Trade

Initiated in 1441, transporting millions of enslaved Africans under brutal conditions.

Protestant Reformation

A religious movement initiated by Martin Luther in 1517 that significantly influenced Christianity.

Scientific Revolution

A period from 1550-1700 marked by advancements in scientific thought and discovery.

American Revolution

A revolutionary conflict from 1765-1783 that influenced other nations with Enlightenment principles.

Haitian Revolution

The first successful revolution led by enslaved people from 1791-1804.

Opium Wars

Conflicts in China (1839-1860) resulting from British opium trade, leading to the Treaty of Nanjing.

Communist Manifesto

Published in 1848, it laid the foundations for modern communism.

Meiji Restoration

The period of modernization in Japan starting in 1868.

Berlin Conference

The 1885 meeting where European powers divided Africa without regard for local populations.

Cold War

A prolonged period of geopolitical tension between the US and the USSR from 1947 to 1991.

9/11 Terrorist Attacks

Al Qaeda's coordinated attacks in 2001 that led the US to declare a war on terrorism.