Painting study

24 points total

Direct painting

not composed of distinct layers (may be wet&wet or wet&dry

Alla prima

Italian for “all at once”, type of direct painting often completed in one sitting/has finished appearance in one application

Indirect painting

combination of numerous layers of paint on the final surface of painting

Glazing

indirect painting method of putting translucent films of color over a dry underlayer of oil/tempura

Pigment

powdered coloring agent, component of paint from: plants, animal, mineral, or chemical sources

Binder

(key component of paint) mixes with the pigment to hold particles together without dissolving them (i.e. egg yolk, wax, glue, drying oils, acrylic mediums) 

Vehicle

paint component that spreads the paint

Medium

refers to binder/&vehicle added to facilitate pigment application (mainly used with oils)

Emulsion

mixture of 2 liquids, an unmixable liquid held in another liquid

Pallet

a thin board used for holding & mixing colors, the range of colors an artist uses

Scumbling

technique of applying a thin layer of wet, opaque color over a dry underlayer to produce a softened effect/color change (usually light color placed over the dark one)

Impasto

technique where paint is applied thickly with a palette knife/pastry extruder/loaded brush (either direct/indirect painting)

Dry brush

technique with very little paint on the brush and is dragged across the surface (texture, leaves uneven deposits of color, broken brush strokes, & rich tonal/textured effects)

Ground

smooth, prepared surface of a support which paint is applied (AKA priming, not like gesso)

Watercolor

consists of pigments suspended in a solution of water and gum arabic (natural water-soluble glue from the acacia tree)

Gouache

opaque water colors that include a small amount of chalk power and more gum arabic (easier to control than water color due to thicker quality)

Wash

term used with thinned ink/watercolors, flow freely to produce a thin, transparent layer of paint

Tempera

water-soluble paints with binders of egg/glue/casein emulsion (egg most common)

Oil paint

paint prepared by grinding pigment powder with linseed oil (dries slowly)

Acrylic

have pigments suspended in an acrylic polymer medium (dries quickly) direct painting and can resist weather

Encaustic

pigments suspended in hot beeswax results in a lustrous surface

Fayum

an Egyptian center for encaustic paintings for mummy portraits during the Roman rule during the 2nd century

Buon Fresco

ancient wall/ceiling painting technique in which very finely ground pigments suspended in water applied to a damp lime-plaster wall

Secco Fresco

done on a finished, dried lime-plaster

Mural

wall painting