Chapter 5: Learning

Spontaneous Recovery

Spontaneous Recovery

________: the reappearance of a learned response after extinction has occurred.

Instinctive Drift

________: tendency for an animals behavior to revert to genetically controlled patterns.

Reflex

________: an involuntary response, one that is not under personal control or choice.

Desire

________: lastly, learner must have the ________ or motivation to perform the action.

Memory

________: must be able to retain the ________ of what was done, like remembering the steps.

Classical Conditioning

________: learning to make an involuntary response to a stimulus other than the original, natural stimulus that normally produces the response.

Imitation

________: learner must be capable of reproducing, or imitating, the actions of the model.

Pavlov

Learning: any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice It Makes Your Mouth Water: Classical Conditioning 5.2 ________ and the Salivating Dogs.

CR

Conditioned Response (________): in classical conditioning, a learned response to a conditioned stimulus.

Attention

________: to learn through observation, the learner must pay ________ to the model.

Neurofeedback

________: form of biofeedback using brain scanning devices to provide feedback about brain activity in an effort to modify behavior Cognitive Learning Theory 5.10 Tolmans Maze- Running Rats: Latent Learning.

UCR

Unconditioned Response (________): in classical conditioning, an involuntary and unlearned response to a naturally occurring or unconditioned stimulus.

UCS

Unconditioned Stimulus (________): in classical conditioning, a naturally occurring stimulus that leads to an involuntary and unlearned response.

CS

Conditioned Stimulus (________): in classical conditioning, a previously neutral stimulus that becomes able to produce a conditioned response, after pairing with an unconditioned stimulus.

successive approximations

Shaping: the reinforcement of simple steps in behavior through ________ that lead to a desired, more complex behavior.

Cognitive Perspective

________: modern perspective in psychology that focuses on memory, intelligence, perception, problem- solving, and learning.

Extinction

________: the disappearance or weakening of a learned response following the removal or absence of the unconditioned stimulus (in classical conditioning) or the removal of a reinforcer (in operant conditioning)

Biofeedback

________: using feedback about biological conditions to bring involuntary responses, such as blood pressure and relaxation, under voluntary control.

pleasurable stimulus

Punishment by Removal: the punishment of a response by the removal of a(n) ________.

unpleasant stimulus

Punishment by Application: the punishment of a response by the addition or experiencing of a(n) ________.

Punishment

________: any event or object that, when following a response, makes that response less likely to happen again.

Reinforcement

________: any event or stimulus, that when following a response, increases the probability that the response will occur again 5.5 The Concept of Reinforcement.

correct response

Continuous Reinforcement: the reinforcement of each and every ________.

Reinforcers

________: any events or objects that, when following a response, increase the likelihood of that response occurring again.