AP HUG unit 3 culture

Origin of folk culture

hearth area; originators are usually unknown

Origin of popular cultures

hearth area comes from more developed countries (MDCs)

Diffusion of folk culture

diffuses slowly, primarily through migration, and at a small scale

Diffusion of popular culture

diffuses rapidly, via hierarchical diffusion, and over a large scale

Folk culture

close connection to the environment

Cultural Landscape

made up of combinations of physical features, agricultural and industrial practices, religious and linguistic characteristics, evidence of sequent occupancy, and other expressions of culture including traditional and postmodern architecture (skyscrapers) and land-use patterns.

Sequent Occupancy

the idea that societies or cultural groups leave their cultural imprints when they live in a place, each contributing to the overall cultural landscape over time. Most cultural landscapes are a mixture of historic and modern buildings.

Centripetal forces

Characteristics that unify a country. Provide stability.

Centrifugal forces

Characteristics that cause division in a country. Destabilizing.

Ethnicity

a sense of belonging or identity within a group of people bound by common ancestry and culture.

race

based on physical characteristics.

Cultural hearths

are the original sources of culture yet many cultures have spread beyond their hearths

diffusion

The spreading of information, ideas, behaviors, and other aspects of culture over wider areas is known as

Relocation diffusion

the spread of a cultural trait by people who migrate and carry their cultural traits with them

Expansion Diffusion

is the spread of cultural traits through direct or indirect exchange without migration.
Contagious
Hierarchical
Reverse hierarchical
Stimulus

Contagious Diffusion

occurs when a cultural trait spreads continuously outward from its hearth through contact among people
Example: Blues music
Example: cell phone technology

Hierarchical Diffusion

is the spread of culture outward from the most interconnected places or from centers of wealth and importance.

Reverse Hierarchical Diffusion

is the processes in which a trait diffuses from a lower class to a higher class.

Stimulus Diffusion

occurs when people in a culture adopt an underlying idea or process from another culture, but modify it because they reject one trait of it.

Acculturation

process in which members of one cultural group adopt the beliefs and behaviors of another group, often maintaining elements of their own culture; usually occurs as a result of colonization or immigration

Assimilation

a type of acculturation; process by which a person or persons acquire the social and psychological characteristics of a dominant group, adopting that culture completely and abandoning their own

Syncretism

development of a new cultural trait as a result of the blending of two distinct but interacting cultures

Multiculturalism

maintaining a diversity of ethnic cultures within a community that are valued and respected for their unique differences

Cultural Appropriation

Using the culture of another group for your own benefit or enjoyment.
Ex: dressing as an ethnic group for Halloween

Commodification

The use of cultural customs or traits for profit
Ex: Mattel selling a Dia de Los Muertos Barbie

Neolocalism

The attempt to revitalize local or regional culture in response to changes in the nation or world

Xenophobia

The fear or distrust of people from other countries or cultures