Countdown to Secession

Manifest Destiny

White people(Americans) should own all land from the Atlantic to the pacific.

Louisiana Purchase

The Louisiana Purchase encompassed 530,000,000 acres of territory in North America that the United States purchased from France in 1803 for $15 million. The land was sold by Napoleon and given to Thomas Jefferson. Louis, Clarke and Sacagewea explored this land.

How we got Florida Adams-Onis Treaty?

Signed in 1819 by John Quincy Adams and Luis de Onís, the Adams-Onís Treaty between the United States and Spain gave Florida to the U.S. and established the Sabine River as the border between the U.S. and New Spain. Florida was bought for 15 million dollars.

Texas Revolution

Texas beat Mexico is the 1830’s and asks to be a state. Texas claims victory in 1836 and founds the Republic of Texas or Lone Star Republic.

Settlement of the Oregon Border with British Canada

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The Oregon Treaty was an agreement between Britain and the United States. It came into force on 15 June 1846. It formalized the border between the United States and British North America west of the Rocky Mountains.

Mexican War

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

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The person negotiating was Nicholas Trist. US gets 525,000 square miles of land-CA, AZ, CO, NV, UT and WY. Mexico gives up Texas from the Rio grande/southern border. Mexico gets 15 million $ from US. US pays off Mexicos debt.

Missouri Compromise of 1820

Compromise negotiated by Henry Clay. Missouri had slaves and Maine was free. All land north of 36 degrees, 30 minutes north latitude in the Louisiana territory will be free except for Missouri.

Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854

Steven Douglass created this with the intent of creating trains from Chicago to California. To create the railroads you would have to organize Kansas and Nebraska into territories so they can buy and sell the land. The issue was solved by popular sovereignty and overturned the Missouri compromise.

The abolitionist movement

William Lloyd Garrison started the abolitionist movement. It was an effort to end slavery in the US, and it officially ended in 1865 when the 13th amendment was ratified. 

Harpers Ferry Raid

John Brown became a martyr for the abolitionist cause in Virginia, an attempt to start an armed revolt of enslaved people and destroy the institution of slavery.  Sixteen people were killed in the raid, including ten of Brown's men. John Brown later got hung, which became a symbol for the abolition movement. 

Bleeding Kansas

When northern and southerners moved to Kansas after Kansas Nebraska act for voting. Both sides fought and had many gruesome fights including murder.

Fred Scott Case

African Americans aren’t considered citizens so they can’t sue.  Caused Missouri compromise to be outlawed because it’s unconstitutional to deprive southerners of their property (slaves). 

Compromise of 1850

Calafornia became a free state,

Utah and New Mexico territories are organized with 

slavery decided by popular sovereignty,

TX gave up western land to New Mexico and US govnt paid off TX’s debts, Slave trade prohibited in Washington DC, runaway enslaved people had to be returned from the North back to the South(Fugitive Slave Act).

Election of 1860 (Candidates, parties, platform on slavery)

1)Lincoln(Republican):Didn’t want slavery to grow

2)Breckinridge(Democrat):Wanted slavery to grow

3)Douglass(Democrat):Wanted slavery to grow

4)Bell(Union Party):Pro-slavery, believe in constitution

Caning of Sumner

Preston Brooks responded to a speech made by Sumner, where Sumner attacked pro-slavery Senators. Brooks was so mad that he hit Sumner across the head with a cane multiple times. The cane shattered and Sumner was injured so severely that it took him 3 years to recover. Trials found Brooks guilty, however not much was done about this situation. 

States Rights

the authority to control what happened within its own borders even if that meant violating federal laws.

Unionists

Neutral with Lincoln Election

Cooperationalists

want to leave the union but afraid other states will not join them.(SC)

Fire-eaters

Did not like Lincoln wanted to leave.

December 20,1860

SC secedes.(Leaves Union)

April 12, 1861

Civil war begins

Firing on Fort Sumter

The Firing on Fort Sumter occurred on April 12th 1861, which was the beginning of the Civil War. The Confederate States of America attacked the United States military at Fort Sumter.