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Strategic Management
a set of managerial decisions and actions that determines the long-run performance of a corporation
Environmental Scanning
the monitoring, evaluating, and disseminating of information from external and internal environments to key people within corporation
Strategy Formulation
the development of long range plans for the effective management of environmental opportunities and threats, in light of corporate strengths and weaknesses
Corporate Strategy
describes a company’s overall directions in terms of its general attitude toward growth and the management of its various businesses and product lines
Business Strategy
occurs at the business unit or product level and it emphasizes improvement of the competitive position of a corporations’ products and services in the specific industry served by that business unit
Functional Strategy
the approach taken by a functional area to achieve corporate and business unit objectives and strategies by maximizing resource productivity
Strategy Implementation
a process by which strategies and policies are put into action through the development of programs, budgets, and procedures
Programs
statement of activities or steps needed to accomplish a single-use plan
Budget
detailed costs of each program
Procedures
are a system of sequential steps or techniques that describe in detail how a particular task or job is to be done
Evaluation and Control
a process in which corporate activities and performance results are monitored so that actual performance can be compared with desired performance
Rare
needs knowledge, enhancement, and innovation from the company’s manpower
Consequential
all levels in the organization is committed in the implementation
Directive
difference in the interpretation
Entrepreneurial Mode
the focus is on opportunities, problems are secondary
Adaptive Mode
characterized by reactive solutions to existing problems, rather than proactive search for new opportunities
Planning Mode
involves the systematic gathering of appropriate information for situational analysis, the generation of feasible alternative strategies and the rational selection of the most appropriate strategies
Logical Incrementalism
a synthesis of the planning, adaptive, and to a lesser extent of the entrepreneurial modes
Forecast Based Financial Planning
looks at the historical data and trend
Externally Oriented Strategic Planning
external consultation
Environmental Scanning
Natural Environment, Societal Environment, Task Environment
Societal Environment
general forces that influences its long run performance
Task Environment
includes those elements/groups that directly affect a corporation and in turn are affected by it
Steep Analysis
also called PESTEL Analysis
STEEP Analysis
scanning of socio-cultural, technological, ecological, and political-legal environment