HHD AOS 2 Chapter 3+4

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34 Terms

1
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Smoking and atherosclerosis

  • speeds up process

  • can contribute to heart attack or smoke

2
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Smoking and cancer

  • Tobacco can cause fault in cells and cause them to divide

3
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Smoking and pregnancy

  • Reduces blood flow to baby, nutrients reaching baby

  • Contributes to low birth weight

4
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Smoking and respiratory disease

  • Tobacco damages and inflames airways

  • can contribute to COPD

5
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Smoking

  • Atherosclerosis

  • Cancer

  • Low birth weight

  • Respiratory disease

6
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Alcohol

  • Type 2 diabetes

  • Cancer

  • Liver disease

  • Injury

  • Low birthweight, FASD, premie

7
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Alcohol and type 2 diabetes

  • Alcohol has KJs, increasing weight

8
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Alcohol and Cancer

  • When metabolised, alcohol makes a chemical that can damage DNA

9
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Alcohol and liver disease

  • Alcohol is filtered through the liver, excessive use can cause inflammation and scarring

  • Cirrhosis and cancer

10
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Alcohol and injury

  • Alcohol supresses the nervous system and effects judgement and motor control

  • Increases risk of accidents/injury

11
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Alcohol and pregnancy

  • Can contribute to FASD, premature birth and low birth weight

12
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Overweight/Obesity

  • Cancer

  • Heart attack

  • Kidney disease

  • Osteoarthritis

  • Type 2 diabetes

13
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OB and cancer

  • Fat tissue = higher levels of growth hormone and cell divison

14
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OB and heart attack

  • OB can cause extra strain on the heart (as well as risk of atherosclerosis)

15
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OB and kidney disease

  • OB increases risk of high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes, influencing kidney disease

16
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OB and osteoarthritis

  • Extra weight can place pressure onto joints

17
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OB and type 2 diabetes

  • Fat tissue can release fatty acid into the bloodstream, contributing to type 2

18
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Underconsumption of fibre

  • Atherosclerosis/cardio disease

  • Cancer

  • Type 2

19
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Fibre and cardio

  • Fibre attaches to LDL, decreasing the risk of high cholesterol and cardiovascular disease

20
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Fibre and cancer

  • fibre adds bulk to faeces and cleans the digestive system, reducing risk of cancer cells developing

21
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Fibre and Type 2

  • Fibre provides feeling of satiety, preventing overeating/weight gain

22
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Underconsumption of fruit/veg

  • Cardio disease/cancer

  • Neural tube defects

23
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Veg and cardio

  • Antioxidants reduce free radicals in the body, reducing risk

24
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Veg and neural tube defects

  • Underconsumption can cause folate to be low in babies

  • influencing defects such as spina bifida

25
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Underconsumption of dairy

  • Osteoporosis

  • Dental caries

26
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Fat

  • Type 2 diabetes

  • atherosclerosis

27
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Salt

  • Hypertension/stroke/heart attack

  • Osteoporosis/bone demineralisation

28
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Sugar

  • Type 2 diabetes

  • Dental caries

29
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Fat and type 2 diabetes

  • Saturated and trans fats are shown to change composition of cell membranes, interfering with glucose transporting to the cell

30
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Fat and cardio

  • Saturated and trans fat have alot of LDL cholesterol

31
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Salt and cardio

  • Sodium draws fluid from the blood, increasing blood volume

32
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Salt and osteoporosis

  • Sodium is filtered through the kidneys, calcium is also excreted

33
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Sugar and type 2 diabetes/cardio

  • Fat tissue leads to overweight and obesity

34
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Sugar and dental carries

  • Sugars provide a food source for bacteria in the mouth, which produces acids