HIV/AIDS

What does HIV target

CD4 white blood cells

Acute HIV infection s/s

Fever

Night sweats

Chills

Headache

Muscle ache

Sore throat

Rash

What marks is staged as acute HIV

Rapid rise in the HIV viral load

Decreased CD4+ cells

Increased CD8 cells

What is AIDS characterized with

Life-threatening opportunistic infections

What stage is the end stage of HIV

AIDS

Without treatment of AIDS, how long until death

Death occurs within 5 year

Stage 1 HIV CD4 t-lymphocyte count

500 cells

Stage 1 HIV CD4 t-lymphocytes % of total lymphocytes

29% or more

Stage 2 HIV CD4 t-lymphocyte count

200 - 499 cells

Stage 2 HIV CD4 t-lymphocyte % of total lymphocytes

14% - 28%

Stage 3 (AIDS) CD4 lymphocyte count

Less than 200 cells

Stage 3 (AIDS) CD4 t-lymphocytes % of total lymphocytes

Less than 14%

health promotion of HIV

Teach pt how to virus is transmitted and ways to prevent it (condom, abstinence, avoid sharing needles)

Maintain vaccines (yearly influenza, pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine)

Older female pt experience

Vaginal wall dryness and thinning increasing the risk of HIV

Lab test of HIV

CBC (abnormal anemia)

Platelets ( less than 150,000

What age is recommended to get tested for HIV

Between 13 andd 64

What do fusion inhibitors meds do

Enfuvirtide blocks the fusion of HIV with the host cell

What do entry inhibitors meds do

Maraviroc block CCR5 receptor on the CD4 T cell to prevent progression of the infection

What does nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors meds do

Zidovudine interferes with the virus ability to convert RNA into DNA

What do protease inhibitors meds do

-vir prefix

They inhibit an enzyme needed for the virus to replicate

What do integrate inhibitor meds do

Raltegravir and dolutegravir inhibit viral replication by stopping HIv enzyme interface from inserting into the host cell

What do antineoplastic meds do

Interlocking is an immunostimulant that enhances the immune response and reduce cancer cell production

What is the ratio of normal CD4 to CD8

2:1

What does a CD4 to CD8 ratio of 1 indicate

Anything less than 1 indicates more severe disease manifestation

What are alternative therapies for HIV

Vitamins

Herbal products

Shake cartilage

They help alleviate manifestations of HIV

What should pt with HIV avoid

Raw food (fruits and veggies)

Crowded places

Countries with poor sanitization

Cleaning litter box (reduce the risk of toxoplasmosis)

Undercook food

What to do for pt with wasting syndrome

Rinse mouth with saline or sodium chloride

Maintains nutrition orally or TPN

Provide between meal supplements and snack

Decrease fat content

Serve at least 6 small feedings with high protein value