KINE 3050: Tendons and Ligaments

Interactive Lecture

What is the most abundant component of ligaments ?

water

What is the most common type of load on a tendon

Tensile Forces

What are the two components of connective tissue?

Cells and Extra Cellular Matrix

What are the major connective tissue components?

Collagen (very stiff)

Elastin (pliant, extensible)

Ground Substance ( H20, CHO, Proteins )

What are the types of connective tissues?

Dense Regular (ligaments/tendons)

Dense Irregular (joint capsule & periosteum)

Loose Irregular (superficial fascia, muscle and nerve sheaths)

Dense regular connective tissue involves

ligaments and tendons

Orientation: unidirectional

Density: high collagen

Vascularity: Low (slower healing time)

Dense regular tissues are the

most tensile but least extensible

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue involves

Joint Capsule and Periosteum

Orientation: Multidimensional (numerous directions)

Density: High Collagen

Vascularity: Low (slower healing time)

Dense Irregular tissue is

highly tensile and low extensibility

Loose irregular connective tissue involves

superficial fascia, muscle, and nerve sheaths

Orientation: multidimensional (numerous directions)

Density: Less Collagen

Vascularity: High (faster healing time)

Loose irregular tissue is more

pliable and extensible

How does increasing run speed affect ground reaction force?

increases

How fast is the person likely moving here?

Jogging

Strain is the

actual measure of deformation of the material in response to stress imposed

(when any ligament/tendon is “loaded”)

The amount of strain is dependent upon

1. the stresses applied to the tissue

2. the material properties of the tissue

Strain Equation

A joint capsule is which type of connective tissue

Dense Irregular

Based on the findings, will the ACL likely tear during these movements?

No

What happens if a ligament looses its water content ?

Becomes weaker