PSCI Addiction The Opiod Crisis

what is the history of the opiod crisis

it is the current deadlist drug crisis in america

more american died of drug overdose in 2016 compared to Vietnam War

carfentanil 

elephant tranquilizer 

extremley potent and lethal 

US zoos need only 18g/ year

hard to detect in toxicology 

what are the stats with opoids missue?

21-29% will be prescribed for pain and will misuse them

8-12% develop an opiod use disorder

4-6% transition to heroin

drug dose by race 2021 and 2022

largest american

least asian non hispanic 

opiod overdose death in the US 

native american populations more likely to have state with overdose 

highest rate West Virginia

This is because of the not healthy state of drugs and coal mining is popular, kids coal mine and they need pain meds

KY, NM, and CO too

what is it easier to do than get help

easier to avoid help , and also easier to find drugs

what did purdue pharma 

makers of OxyContin knew that it was being abused (snorted) so they marketed as a non addictive drug 

knew about the pills being crushed and snorted and continued to market OC

what is oxycontin 

long acting drug to reduce pain , people wanted a severe long acting drug 

not as addictive 

drugs being abused, snorted or injected 

what effect did the OC drug have on drugs

pressued by groups and the government to treat pain more seriously

amount of opiod prescribed per year were averaged out across 2-3 week supply this is because patients were seen quickly and efficiently 

what country consumes the least amount of opiods

Greece

why do people even turn to opioids

24.3% of adults have chronic pain … 8.5% limited in life or work activities

safer non opioid pain treatment not available , insurance can be expensive 

why do people take heroin and fent

treating chronic pain is hard , espeically when weighed against the risk of overdose and addiction

people who dont get opiods for the pain may not fully recover 

need to control prescription opiod distribution while main thing access for patients 

removing access to opiods who are dependent means that they will only get the very severe bad drugs (Fent and heroin) 

what is the balloon efffect

when the drug is restricted users shift to alternatives 

like pushing on balloon air moves but doesnt disappear 

fentanyl

americans leading cause of overdose

suppose to relieve pain 

2 mg enough to kill someone 

some drugs can be laced with fentanyl 

what age range uses heroin and fent the most

middle aged and older americans , much more likley to hit and 20-30 year olds

how can we treat and prevent

improving access to treatment and recovery 

promoting use of overdose reversing drugs 

need better pain treatment and understanding 

fulll agonist drug

drug taking will bind to another drug

mimics natural neurotransmitters

most drugs of abuse are agonists

partial agonist drug

generates limit effect

partial effect not getting high but its blocking other opiods

antagonist

blocks the receptor of the drug

medication assisted treatment

use of meds with combo of therapies to provide a whole patient approach

what are some medicines to help people stop drugs?

methadone, burprenoprhine, and naltrexone 

what is the negative of methadone, burp, and nalt

negative because giving drugs to people who want to take drugs

only taken orally 

must be supervised — has to be prescribed

buprenorphine

can be provided at office based setting but DEA has to prescibe them 

cap on # of the prescriptions that can be made 

doesnt produce the sedation from heroin or fent

suboxone

another form of drug, trying to inject it will have a severe withdrawal symptoms

naltrexone

blocks opiods from binding to the receptors

not addictive, suppose to reduce ur craving

need to take orally

what is narcan

a way to reverse overdose , opioid antagonist binds to opoids receptors and can reverse and block the effects 

very quickly restore normal respiration should still call emergency