Lit Terms #1

Theme

In literature, this is the “grand daddy” of all terms. “All roads lead to it,” I have said, and essentially, it can be characterized as an author’s observations or messages regarding humanity.

Metaphor

This is a direct comparison that can be used as a figurative rhetorical device, or as a model for some larger idea that is developed and continues throughout a literary work.

Symbolism

This word describes an author’s use of an object or larger conceptual item to represent an important concept or idea.

Comedy

Often experienced in dramatic works, this is a category of literature that conveys its messages in light hearted tones, often humorously calling out human shortcomings or flaws, and presenting cheerful endings.

Tone/Mood

One refers to the attitude of the narrator or speaker and can shift throughout the unfolding of a work in ways that allow for readers to experience emotional ups and downs; the other regards the emotional response of the reader/listener.

Characterization

This term refers to either physical descriptions, revealing thoughts and dialogue or actions undertaken, in the development of the individuals and personalities who appear in a work.

Tragedy

Often experienced in dramatic works, this category of literature conveys ideas through mainly somber or upsetting means, relying on the protagonist’s downfall as a primary mechanism for delivering the author’s message.

Satire

This is a category of literature that mocks, pokes fun at or parodies human behavior, social structures, cultural expectations or society in general.

Genre

This word simply refers to categories of literature.

Irony

Though in a literary sense many types exist, for now we can simply define this word as relating to outcomes that are either opposite, or in stark contrast to, what one would expect.

Setting

Simplistically, this term refers to the time and place in which a work unfolds—however, we also learned that context is an important component of a true understanding of it.

Simile

This rhetorical device is a comparison that uses “like” or “as.”