Physical Education 258 Texes Exam

Coefficient of restitution

the ratio of the final speed to initial speed of two objects after they collide.

Individualized educator program or IEP

a plan or program that is specific to help a child with a disability

Formative skills assessment (informal)

a way to monitor a student's progress and provide feedback during the year and improve student understanding and learning

Informal assessment

unstructured ways to evaluate student progress, ex: skills assessment

Summative assessment

a summary of learning and are usually held at key stages, such as the end of a unit, quarter, or semester, through a formal assessment

Response to Intervention or RtI

is for all students who may be experiencing difficulties in the general classroom before a referral to special education is made

Temporal awareness

the ability to recognize the relationship between time and movement. Ex: hitting a thrown baseball with a bat

Motor skill

the movements of the body's muscles to perform a task

Stage 1 of Motor learning

a very young child's age including sitting, crawling, walking

Stage 2 of Motor learning

children learn how to run, throw, jump.

Locomotor

physical actions that move a person from one place to another. Ex: Running, jumping, crawling

Nonlocomotor

Body movements that occur around the body in a stationary position. Ex: standing, stretching, hitting a golf ball

Gross motor skills

physical abilities that use the body's large muscles to do something. Ex: running, throwing, or lifting

Fine motor skills

the use of the small muscles mainly in the hands, wrists, and fingers to perform precise or delicate movements. Ex: catching a ball

Spatial awareness

the ability to understand the relationship between your body and objects around you. (working in space)

Body awareness

the connection of the body to its own consciousness. Ex, twisting, turning and balancing

Auditory awareness

hearing cues that can help a student

Manipulative

Movement skills that require an ability to handle an object or piece of equipment with control. Ex: dribbling, throwing, skiing

Cognitive function

the ability to understand strategies and tactics. Physical education helps with increased blood flow which improves...

Autonomy

feeling control over your actions

Teaching Games for Understanding

focuses more on tactical skills rather than technical. Ex: getting open for a pass in football or basketball

Admission, Review, and Dismissal (ARD)

a meeting is held to admit a student into special education. They create a Individualized educator program

Universal design for learning (UDL)

uses a variety of teaching methods to eliminate barriers and increase access to learning

Aerobic

means with oxygen, is a physical activity that increases heart rate and breathing rate. Ex: jogging, swimming, biking

Anaerobic

without oxygen, and this type of exercise leads to a buildup of lactic acid. It is also shorter then aerobic but more intense for a short period of time. Ex: weight lifting, HIIT, sprints

Presidential Youth Fitness Program (PYFP)

promote physical activity and health for children in schools, to live a active and healthy lifestyle. They address multiple components of health-related fitness goals

Endocrine System

organs and glands that produce hormones

Circulatory system

delivers oxygen and nutrients to the body's cells and removes waste

Kinesthetic learning

learning involved with movement, touching and feeling objects

Interpersonal

someone who learns best through interacting with other people and communication

Intrapersonal

a person who prefers to work on their own

Intrinsic

motivated to perform a task for personal gain and accomplishment of a goal

Extrinsic

motivated to perform a task to get something external out of it like a trophy

Principle of specificity

athletes should train in a way to align with their goals by mimicking the skills and techniques they need to use to be successful.

Overreaching

a short-term increase in training volume that can eventually turn into overtraining

Overtraining

a long-term increase in training that requires a period of rest to recover

Open skills

performed in a changing environment, ex: hitting a baseball pitch

Closed skills

skills that take place in a predictable environment, ex: basketball free throw

Delayed-onset muscle soreness

generally associated with activities that cause muscles to lengthen while force is applied, ex: eccentric muscle contraction

Four components of training and exercise

frequency, time, intensity, type of activity (FITT)

Karvonen formula, heart rate reserve (HRR) formula

is a way to calculate your target heart rate for aerobic exercise by subtracting resting HR from the maximal HR

Isometric

during a workout, muscles are not stretched/contracted, they are under a constant load, ex: holding a DB

Isotonic

a muscle contraction happens with the muscles shortening and lengthening, best to build muscular endurance, ex: DB curls for reps

Self-determination

the ability or power to make decisions for yourself

Self-esteem

how we value and perceive ourselves

Cardiorespiratory endurance

this coincides with VO2 max, helping with the maximum amount of endurance/stamina a student has. HIIT helps the most with gaining endurance.

Biomechanics

analysis of sport movements in order to minimize the risk of injury and improve sports performance

Obesity Classes for BMI

3 classes. Class 1 is 30-34.9, class 2 is 35-39.9, class 3 is 40 and up which is severe obesity

Mins per week required by TEA under 6th grade

135 mins per week or 225 for every 2 weeks

Self-direction

taking responsibility for fitness by setting goals and working independently to achieve them, fostering a sense of autonomy

504 Plan

blueprint for how the school will support a student with a disability and remove barriers to learning providing basic accommodations

Rhythmic Skills

Responding and moving the body in time with a beat, tempo, or pitch of music. Ex, dancing

What do you do first with a new skill?

Introduce the skill to the students

What is VO2 max?

Maximum oxygen uptake

Excretory System

Removes waste from cells and filters blood

Heredity

An uncontrollable factor that is passed down, like heart problems and certain genes

1 pound is how many calories?

3,500

Formal assessment

structured evaluations designed to measure students' knowledge, skills, and performance with a rubric

Cooperative learning

an instructional model emphasizing teamwork, social interaction, and collective problem-solving while students work in groups

ipsative-referenced assessment

an assessment that evaluates a student's current performance based on their own past performances to track personal growth over time

Creative movement

a form of dancing using rhythmic, patterned, or improvised body movements, typically with music

Directional Awareness

Ability to understand concepts of left, right, up, down, forward, and backwards.

Concentric

this movement is fought slow on the up/top part of a movement. (Shortening muscles)

Eccentric

this movement is fought slow on the lowering part of a movement. (Lengthening muscles)

Paragraph 1

Introduction immediately into the skill and outline of the TEK given

Paragraph 2

Overview of what students have learned and will learn

Paragraph 3

(Bulk Paragraph) Description of what I will do for the lesson. Starting with equipment needed, teaching strategies, and skill progressions

Paragraph 4

Why the lesson is good to promote student learning

Paragraph 5

One challenge students may face and how would I help them/differentiate

Paragraph 6

One approach to assess student learning. Ex: informal assessment, skills-based assessment, summative assessment

target heart rate during aerobic activities

subtract age from 220 to estimate maximum heart rate

components of skill related fitness

agility, balance, coordination, power, reaction time, and speed

kyphosis

forward rounding of the spine

RTI Tiers

1. Core normal instruction

2. Small groups

3. Intensive intervention