AP HUG UNIT 1 VOCAB QUIZ 1

this is a vocab list for my first AP human geo quiz.

The study of the spatial characteristics of various elements of the physical environment.

Physical Geography

The study of the spatial characteristics of humans and human activities.

Human Geography

Representations of reality or theories about reality to help geographers see general spatial patterns.

Models

Stylized maps illustrating theories about spatial distributions.

Spatial Models

Illustrate theories and concepts using words, graphs, or tables.

Nonspatial Models

Essentially, the farther apart two places are, or the more time it takes to travel between them, the less likely it is that there will be a strong connection or interaction between them.

Time Distance Decay

The general arrangement of things being studied.

Spatial Patterns

Interconnected entities, sometimes called nodes.

Networks

Information measurable and recorded using numbers.

Quantitative Data

Quantitative and spatial data with a geographic location component.

Geospatial Data

Data collected as interviews, photos, or descriptions, not represented by numbers.

Qualitative Sources

Looking at topics at local, regional, country, or global scales.

Scales of Analysis

Designed for general information about places.

Reference Maps

Show human-created boundaries and designations.

Political Maps

Show natural features like mountains and rivers.

Physical Maps

Show highways, streets, and alleys.

Road Maps

Show spatial aspects of information or phenomena.

Thematic Maps

Use colors to show the location and distribution of spatial data.

Chloropleth Maps

Show specific location and distribution of something across a map. Uses dots of the same size distributed across a plane.

Dot Distribution Maps

Use symbols of different sizes to indicate different amounts of something.

Graduated Symbol Maps

Use lines to depict points of equal value across space.

Isoline Maps

Show points of equal elevation, creating contours.

Topographic Maps

Map where sizes of countries are shown according to specific statistics.

Cartogram

Ratio between real-world size and map size.

Scale

Communication of ratios on a map.

Cartographic Scale

Show larger areas with less detail.

Small Scale Maps

Show smaller areas with more detail.

Large Scale Maps

Precise spot according to a system like latitude and longitude.

Absolute Location

Distance north or south of the equator.

Latitude

Imaginary line halfway between the north and south hemispheres.

Equator

Distance east or west of the prime meridian.

Longitude

Imaginary line through Greenwich, England.

Prime Meridian

Roughly follows 180 degrees longitude.

International Date Line

Description of where something is in relation to other things.

Relative Location

How well locations are tied together by roads and links.

Connectivity

How quickly people can interact between locations.

Accessibility

Describes where things are in relation to each other.

Direction

General arrangement of things.

Patterns

Measured in feet, miles, meters, or kilometers used when describing length from point a to b

Absolute Distance

Indicates nearness based on time or money.

Relative Distance

Distance of features above sea level.

Elevation

The spread of a phenomenon over an area.

Distribution

Phenomena arranged in a group or concentrated area.

Clustered (Agglomerated) Distribution

Phenomena arranged in a straight line.

Linear Distribution

Phenomena spread out over a large area.

Dispersed Distribution

Phenomena equally placed from a central point.

Circular Distribution

Phenomena in a regular arrangement.

Geometric Distribution

Phenomena with no apparent order in position.

Random Distribution

Defining and describing landscapes.

Landscape Analysis

Physically visiting a location and recording firsthand information.

Field Observations

Information tied to specific locations.

Spatial Data

Gathering information from satellites or other craft above the atmosphere.

Remote Sensing

Professional images captured from planes within the atmosphere.

Aerial Photography

Observing and recording information on location.

Fieldwork

Turning data into interactive maps or visualizations from geospatial data collected from various sources.

Geovisualization

Determines and records a receiver's exact location.

Global Positioning System (GPS)

Computer system storing, analyzing, and displaying geospatial data.

Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Solutions involving local residents for increased success and cultural acceptance.

Community-based Solutions