Topic 1 Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table

what relative mass does a proton have

whats the relative charge of a proton

where is the proton

1

+1

nucleus

neutron

relative mass

relative charge

where is it located

1

0

nucleus

electron

relative mass

relative charge

where is it located

1/2000

-1

shell

atomic number define

mass number define

how to work out number of neutrons

number of protons

number of particles in nucleus

mass number - atomic number (top number - bottom number )

whats an ion

whats a pos and neg ion

an atom that has lost or gained electrons

positive ion= atom that has lost electrons

negative ion = atom that has gained electrons

how are elements organised

what do elements in a group have in common

what do elements in a period have in common

by the atomic number increasing

how many electrons in the last shell

configuration number gains 1

disolve meaaning

the process where a solute dissolves in a solvent to form a solution

solute define

a substance that is dissolved in a solution

solution define

solute dissolved in a solvent

mixture define

2 or more substances which arent chemically combined

solvent meaning

whats being dissolved in the solute (substance)

what are different ways of separating a solvent from an insoluble solute

• filteration

• evaporation (crystalation )

• distilation

filteration

isotope meaning

different forms of the same element, that have the same number of protons but diff number of neutrons

chemically react the same

calculating an isotopes relative mass equation

sum of (isotope abundance x isotope mass)/ sum of abundance of all isotopes

calculate the relativve atomic mass of copper to 1 dp

copper 63 with an abundance of 69.2%

copper 65 with an abundance of 30.8%

sum of (isotope abundance x isotope mass)/ sum of abundance of all isotopes

=(63 × 69.2) + (65 × 30.8)/69.2 + 30.8

=6361.69/100

=63.6

molecule define

2 or more atoms held together by a chemical bond

can contain different or the same elements

compound define

2 or more DIFFERENT elements held together by chemical bonds

always found in the same proportions

how many atoms of each element are in H₂SO₄

2 Hydrogen

1 Sulfur

4 Oxygen

how many atoms of each element are in Ca(OH)₂

1 Ca

2 OH