Studied by 0 peopleAcculturation
When an ethnic or immigrant group adopts the values and practices of a larger group while maintaining elements of their own culture.
Adages
Sayings that express a truth about life.
Adherents
Believers in their faith.
Animism
The belief that non-living objects possess spirits.
Assimilation
A process in which an ethnic group can no longer be distinguished from the receiving group.
Artifacts
Physical creations by culture that reflect values, beliefs, and behaviors.
Blue laws
Laws that restrict certain activities on Sundays, such as the sale of alcohol.
Buddhism
A religion emphasizing meditation and harmony with nature, rooted in the teachings of Siddhartha.
Built environment
Physical artifacts created by humans that form part of the landscape.
Caste system
A rigid class structure that has shaped Indian society.
Centrifugal Force
An attitude that tends to divide people and create conflict.
Centripetal Force
An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state.
Charter group
The first group to establish cultural and religious customs in a space.
Christianity
A religion based on the belief that Jesus is the son of God and savior of humans.
Colonialism
A type of imperialism involving the settlement of people on the land of another country.
Contagious Diffusion
Type of expansion diffusion affecting all individuals and areas outward from the source region.
Contemporary architecture
A new style emerging in the 21st century utilizing innovations in building design.
Creole language
A new language created by mixing two or more languages.
Culture
All learned behaviors, actions, beliefs, and objects of a group.
Cultural appropriation
The action of adopting traits from another culture.
Cultural complex
A series of interrelated traits within a culture.
Cultural convergence
The process by which cultures become similar and share traits.
Cultural divergence
The idea that a culture may change over time due to distance and modern technology.
Cultural Hearths
Areas where civilizations first began and radiated their customs.
Cultural Landscape
Modifications of the natural landscape by human activities.
Cultural patterns
Related sets of cultural traits and complexes that create similar behaviors.
Cultural regions
Areas determined based on religion, language, and ethnicity.
Cultural realms
Larger areas encompassing several cultural regions.
Cultural Relativism
Evaluating a culture by its own standards.
Cultural Traits
A single attribute of a culture.
Diffusion
The spread of information, ideas, and behaviors from their hearths to wider areas.
Dialect
A regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary and pronunciation.
Diaspora
Occurs when one group of people is dispersed to various locations.
Ethnic enclave
Clusters of people of the same culture within a dominant culture region.
Ethnic islands
Ethnic concentrations in rural areas reflecting their heritage.
Ethnic religions
Belief systems emphasizing strong cultural characteristics among followers.
Ethnicity
Identity with a group sharing distinct traits due to common heredity and culture.
Ethnocentrism
Judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture.
Expansion diffusion
The spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another.
Folk Culture
Culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group.
Fundamentalism
Strict adherence to basic principles of a religion.
Global culture
The adoption of popular culture traits worldwide.
Globalization
The increased integration of the world economy since the 1970s.
Glocalization
Creating products for the global market adapted to local cultures.
Gurdwara
The Sikh place of worship.
Hierarchical Diffusion
When ideas spread first among larger places before reaching smaller ones.
Hinduism
An ethnic religion that includes the worship of many deities as manifestations of one god.
Homogenous
Made up largely of ethnically similar people.
Imperialism
Influencing another country or group through conquest, economic control, or cultural dominance.
Indigenous Culture
Unique cultural traits maintained by members of an ethnic group in their ancestral lands.
Indo European language family
One of the major language families believed to descend from a language around 6000 years ago.
Islam
Religion followed by Muslims who believe in teachings revealed through prophets.
Isogloss
A boundary separating regions with different language usages.
Judaism
One of the first monotheistic religions, with the Torah expressing divine will.
Karma
The Hindu belief that behaviors have consequences in the present life.
Language tree
A diagram showing the relationships among language families.
Lingua Franca
A mutually understood language used in trade between speakers of different native languages.
Linguists
Scientists who study languages.
Material Culture
Culture consisting of physical human creations.
Mentifacts
Intangible aspects of a culture such as beliefs and values.
Monotheistic
Belief in one god.
Multiculturalism
Coexistence of several cultures in one society.
Nationality
Legal identity with a group of people based on birth in a particular place.
Native speakers
Individuals who have learned a language from birth.
Nativist
An anti-immigrant attitude.
Neolocalism
Re-embracing the uniqueness and authenticity of a place.
Official Language
The language used by the government for business and publications.
Placelessness
Modern cultural landscapes exhibiting significant homogeneity.
Pidgin Language
A simplified speech form for communication between speakers of different languages.
Pilgrimage
A religious journey to a sacred place.
Polytheism
Belief in or worship of multiple gods.
Popular Culture
Culture found in a large, heterogeneous society sharing some common habits.
Postmodern architecture
Architecture moving away from concrete structures to high-rise buildings with glass.
Relocation diffusion
Spread of a feature through the bodily movement of people.
Reverse hierarchical diffusion
When a trait spreads from a lower status group to a higher status group.
Romance languages
Languages that evolved from Latin, including Portuguese, Spanish, French, and Italian.
Sacred place
A location with religious significance.
Sequent Occupancy
Successive societies leave cultural imprints on a territory.
Sikhism
A faith stressing service, honesty, and hard work, founded by Guru Nanak.
Sharia
Legal framework derived from Islamic edicts in the Qur'an.
Shinto
Japanese religion emphasizing ancestor worship and nature.
Slang
Informal language restricted to particular contexts or groups.
Social constructs
Ideas or concepts created and accepted by society, not by nature.
Sociofacts
Organizational aspects of society, embodied in families and institutions.
Stimulus Diffusion
The spread of an idea that inspires similar innovations in different areas.
Syncretism
A religion combining several traditions.
Taboo
Restrictions on behavior imposed by social customs.
Theocracies
Governments run by religious leaders using religious laws.
Time-space convergence
Increased interconnection between places due to improvements in transportation.
Toponyms
Names for places, such as Frisco.
Traditional architecture
A style reflecting local culture's history using local materials.
Traditional culture
Encompasses traditional, folk, or indigenous customs passed to future generations.
Universal religion
A religion that actively seeks converts regardless of ethnic backgrounds.
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