Gene Flow and Population Subdivision

FST = (HT–HS)/HT --> this equation is the one you need to know, hell give p and q values and you have to solve for Fst

gene flow

if unopposed by other factors, homogenizes the populations of a species

The extent to which there is a reduction in gene flow between populations of a species (population subdivision can or cannot be quantified

can be quantified

Give equation for quantifying population subdivision and what each variable means

FST = (HT–HS)/HT

Ht = ?

total heterozygosity; what heterozygosity would be if all subpopulations were pooled together and mated randomly (2pq for total population)

Hs = ?

2pq for subpopulation

Fst is equal to

a measurement of population subdivision; measuring the reduction of heterozygosity (between 0 and 1)

What is panmixia

total random mating between the subpopulations

If Fst equals 0 (Hs = Ht), then would would be the result?

then no population subdivision

If Fst = 1 then what happens

populations are fixed (frequency of 100%) for alternative alleles at the gene locus

If Hs = 0 then what

there are no heterozygotes

All you need is _____ individual to have successful gene flow between populations to keep them from diverging

1

With no gene flow, populations what?

continue to accumulate mutations independently of one another

________ will introduce new alleles into the populations and without gene flow, the populations will diverge and may become different species (this is a process of speciation without the necessity for natural selection)

mutations

purely what drives speciation

random and mechanical processes

To homogenize a population means

to make the members of a population more similar to each other by reducing diversity (removing random mating)

_{Nm = ?}

number of migrants

Ne = ?

effective population size