psychology 1

introspection

subjective, verbal, unreliable,

behaviorism

measurable, recordable events.cant measure beliefs or goals

cognitive revolution

indirectly measure mental processes, acuracy, response time, neuroimaging

ct and mri scan

3d images of the brain which are good for shape and size info, not activity.

pet and fmri scan

observe molecules and oxygen levels during a task, good for location info of activity nor precise about time. bettter spatial precision

eeg

records voltage changes, precise about time but lacks spatial precison. better temporal precison

single cell recording

precise in time and location but invasive

how many neurons

86 billion

neurons are chemical where

between the synapse. neurotransmitters

neurons are electrical where

inside the neurons. action potential

does the strength of an incoming signal affect the strength of a neurons action potential?

no. all or none

frontal lobe

planning, problem solving, inhibition, reasoning, abstract thinking.

temporal lobe

auditory processing, language, visual recognition

parietal lobe

spatial knowledge, sensation of touch

occipital lobe

vision, recieves info related to sight

hypothalamus

controls behavior serving biological needs, feeding sexual activity

amygdala

critical to emotion, involved in memory

hippocampus

critical to learning and memory

thalamus

relays incoming sensory info to cortex

iris

controls how much light gets into the eye

fovea

focus point on retina

rods

sensitive to light, movement, more in periphery

cones

COlor, fine details, more at fovea

lateral inhibition

refers to the process by which retinal cells when stimulated inhinit the activity of neighboring retinal cells. in this process retinal cells enhance abrupt changes in luminance which creates a contrast map and allows edge detection.

which cells cause more lateral inhibition?

cells that receive stronger stimulation cause more lateral inhibition than cells that receive weaker stimulation

dorsal pathway is occiptial to what

parietal lobe (where pathway). optic ataxia: can recognize objects but cant act toward them

ventral pathway is occipital to what

temporal lobe (what pathway) visual agnosia: cant recognize objects but can act toward them.

is visual info just processed in the occipital lobe?

no bestie

processing of visual info path

begins in retina, relays to thalamus, goes to occipital lobe, moves to the what and where pathways and others

binocular disparity

binocular cue, both eyes used

pictoral cue

monocular, one eye used

ponzo illusion

linear perspective is misleading us about the size of the top line so we overadjust the bottom line to match the top line

are faces processed as a whole?

yes

does the fusiform gyrus show selective activity during face recognition?

yes

direct vs indirect

direct=observer herself, indirect=researcher collects info