KINE 3050: Module 5 (Work, Energy & Power)

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to work, energy, and power as outlined in the lecture notes for KINE 3050.

Work

How energy is transferred; the amount of energy due to the forces applied.

Joules

The SI unit for work and energy.

Work Equation

Work is calculated using the formula: force multiplied by displacement.

Line of Action

The direction in which force is applied affecting the displacement.

Normal Reaction Forces

Forces that are perpendicular to the ground.

Vector

A quantity that has both magnitude and direction; work can be categorized as scalar or vector.

Positive Work

Occurs when the displacement and the force are in the same direction.

Negative Work

Occurs when the force and displacement are in opposite directions.

Isometric Contraction

A type of contraction that produces no work due to no change in position.

Kinetic Energy

Energy due to an object's motion.

Potential Energy

Energy due to an object's position.

Inverse Relationship

The relationship between kinetic and potential energy; as one increases, the other decreases.

Strain Potential Energy

Potential energy due to the deformation of an object.

Work-Energy Principle

The net work done by all external forces causes a change in mechanical energy.

Power

The rate of doing work; measured in Watts.

Drag Force

The force component that opposes the relative motion of an object in a fluid.

Lift Force

A component of the dynamic force acting perpendicular to the relative motion of an object.

Specific Gravity

The ratio of the weight of an object to the weight of the same volume of water.

Conservative Forces

Forces that do not dissipate energy; their work is path independent.

Non-Conservative Forces

Forces that convert mechanical energy into other forms, depending on the path taken.

Work

How energy is transferred; the amount of energy due to the forces applied.

Joules

The SI unit for work and energy.

Work Equation

Work is calculated using the formula: force multiplied by displacement multiplied by the cosine of the angle between them (W = Fd\cos\theta).

Line of Action

The direction in which force is applied affecting the displacement.

Normal Reaction Forces

Forces that are perpendicular to the ground.

Vector

A quantity that has both magnitude and direction; work can be categorized as scalar or vector.

Work as a Scalar Quantity

Despite force and displacement being vectors, work is a scalar quantity, representing only magnitude.

Positive Work

Occurs when the displacement and the force are in the same direction.

Negative Work

Occurs when the force and displacement are in opposite directions.

Isometric Contraction

A type of contraction that produces no work due to no change in position.

Kinetic Energy

Energy due to an object's motion.

Potential Energy

Energy due to an object's position.

Gravitational Potential Energy

Potential energy an object possesses due to its position in a gravitational field, calculated as mass times gravity times height (U_g = mgh).

Inverse Relationship

The relationship between kinetic and potential energy; as one increases, the other decreases.

Strain Potential Energy

Potential energy due to the deformation of an object.

Mechanical Energy

The sum of an object's kinetic and potential energy (E = K + U).

Work-Energy Principle

The net work done by all external forces causes a change in mechanical energy.

Power

The rate of doing work; measured in Watts.

Power Equation

Power is calculated as work done per unit time (P = W/t).

Drag Force

The force component that opposes the relative motion of an object in a fluid.

Lift Force

A component of the dynamic force acting perpendicular to the relative motion of an object.

Specific Gravity

The ratio of the weight of an object to the weight of the same volume of water.

Conservative Forces

Forces that do not dissipate energy; their work is path independent.

Non-Conservative Forces

Forces that convert mechanical energy into other forms, depending on the path taken.