Chapter 6: Cognitive Growth: Information Processing Approaches (copy)

0.0(0)
studied byStudied by 0 people
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/24

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

Exam 2 covers chapters 6-10

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

25 Terms

1
New cards

encoding

initial recording of information

2
New cards

storage

information saved for future use

3
New cards

retrieval

recovery of stored information

4
New cards

cognitive architecture

basic, enduring structures and features of information processing that are relatively constant over development

5
New cards

working memory

stresses the active processing occurring in the second memory stage

6
New cards

retrieval cues

stimuli that allow people to recall information

7
New cards

automatization

degree to which an activity requires attention

8
New cards

concepts

categorization of objects, events, or people that share common properties

9
New cards

attention

information processing involving the ability to strategically choose among and sort out different stimuli in the environment

10
New cards

attention-getting stimuli

exogenous of bottom-up attention

11
New cards

attention-holding stimuli

endogenous or top-down attention

12
New cards

planning

the ability to allocate attentional resources on the basis of desired goal (AKA prospective memory)

13
New cards

infantile amnesia

lack of memory for experiences that occurred prior to age three

14
New cards

explicit memory

conscious memory

mainly processed in hippocampus and frontal lobes

15
New cards

episodic memory

memory that includes sensory experiences (i.e., vision, sounds) of the event

16
New cards

autobiographical memory

memory of one’s own life

17
New cards

semantic memory

memory for facts/abstract information

18
New cards

operating efficiency hypothesis

increasing speed and efficiency of processing with age

19
New cards

metamemory

an understanding about the processes that underlie memory, with emerges and improves during middle childhood

20
New cards

keyword strategy

pairing similar-sounding words for better retention

21
New cards

scripts

general representation in memory of a sequence or series of events

22
New cards

mnemonics

formal strategies for organizing material in ways that make it more likely to be remembered

23
New cards

code-based approaches

emphasize components of reading and how letters and sounds are combined to make words (supports information processing theory or cognition)

24
New cards

whole-language approaches

learn to read through exposure to complete writing (supports Chomsky’s Universal Grammar theory)

25
New cards

critical thinking

thinking that makes use of cognitive skills and strategies that increase the likelihood of solving problems, forming inferences, and making decisions appropriately and successfully