SG: Organization of the Nervous System

Stimuli means

Stimuli means

Change

The two types of nervous system

CNS and PNS

What does CNS consist of?

Brain and Spinal Cord

What is PNS?

Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord.

PNS is dividend into two branches. Name them.

Sensory (afferent) division and Motor (efferent) division

Senosory (afferent) division

Conveys impulses to the CNS. (Think of sense organs, they convey info to the brain)

Sensory (afferent) division is divided into two more parts. Name them.

Somatic sensory fibers and Visceral Sensory fibers

Somatic sensory fibers

Deliver impulses from the skin, skeletal muscle, and joints. (starts with S, so think of skin and bones)

Visceral Sensory fibers

Deliver impulses from visceral (internal) organs. (Remember using visceral = internal organs)

Motor (efferent) division is divided into 2 parts. Name them

Somatic (voluntary) nervous system and Autonomic (involuntary) nervous system.

Somatic (voluntary) nervous system

Allows conscious or voluntary control of skeletal muscles. (DO NOT CONFUSE WITH SOMATIC SENSORY FIBERS)

Autonomic (involuntary) nervous system.

regulates events that are automatic or involuntary. (remember, it has auto in the beginning so it controls automatic responses)

Autonomic (involuntary) nervous system can further be divided into

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

Sympathetic

Fight or flight. (think of when you are sympathetic towards climate change, you want to fight back)

Parasympathetic

Rest and digest. (think of para as half sympathetic, when you have half of it, you sleep to gain more of it, so para is something with rest)

Top most organ of the CNS

Brain

Brain is divided into 4 parts. Name them

Cerebrum, Diencephalon, Brain Stem and Cerebellum.

Cerebrum

Brum = Drum. Huge and Makes up most of the brain.

Gyri

Ridges. (Think of GRI (kinda like MRI). Gyri, ridges, inside part,)

Sulci

Grooves (Remember using SGO (kinda like NGO): Sulci, Grooves, outside)

4 parts of Cebrum

Frontal Lobe, Pariental Lobe, Occipital Lobe and Temporal Lobe

Frontal Lobe manages

Decision-making (Think of Front part, manages decisions)

Parietal Lobe

Touch (think of parent's touch)

Occipital Lobe

Vision (Think of occupation. Remember using Occupation = vision)

Temporal Lobe

Smell and Hearing (Temples are located top of your ears, so thus remember that they mange hearing and smell)

Two Specialized regions of Cerebrum

• Somatic sensory area: Receives impulses from the body’s sensory receptors (except special senses)

• Primary motor area: Sends impulses to skeletal muscles

Which part of the brain is located on top of brain stem?

Diencephalon

3 parts of Diencephalon

Thalamus, Hypothalamus and Epithalamus.

Thalamus

Relay station for sensory impulses (taste, sight, hearing, equilibrium) except for olfactory neurons (sense of smell). (REMEMBER: T [halamus] = T [taste]. From that, just remember it's senses)

Hypothalamus

Homeostasis (Body temperature and metabolism). (REMEBER: H = H, so hypothalamus = homestatis)

Hippocampus

Part of the Hypothalamus. Known for learning and motivation. (Think of hippo (from the hypotonic thing) = learning (something new))

Hippocampus is part of ____

Hypothalamus (Think of hypotonic = hippo from the cell tonicity thingy)

Which part of the brain is very close to the Spinal Cord?

Brain Stem (Think of like a stem of a plant, just rooting itself from spinal cord)

Midbrain

Reflex centers for vision and hearing. (DONOT CONFUSE, Midbrain is located in the middle of BRAIN NOT BRAIN STEM, it's actually located in the top of Brain Stem)

(REMEMBER: Think of the brain stem like your face. Mid brain is located at the top most part, so the topmost part of your face is eyes and ears. So it manages vision and hearing)

Pons

Bulging center part of the brain stem. It manages Sleep. (Pons = ponds. ponds is a makeup company. So just remember that you put on your face makeup mask at night before you sleep)

Medulla oblongata

The lowest part of the brain stem. Manages:

• Heart rate control

• Blood pressure regulation

• Breathing

• Vomiting

• Swallowing

REMEMBER all functions Using the acronym M=HBBSV (Mother = Help Baby Breathe by Vomitting Syrup)

Cerebellum

Provides coordination of body movements to maintain balance coordination and posture. (Remember using: bellum = bella = balance)