Endocrine, Nervous, and Reproductive System Exam 4/11

nervous system

the system that controls your sense by sending messages back and forth between the brain and body

Central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS)

What are the two nervous systems called?

neurons

specialized nerve cells that transmit electrical signals to various organs in the body

central nervous system (CNS)

part of the nervous system with main function to process information

brain and spinal cord

The central nervous system includes _______ and ______

The dendrites, a cell body, an axon

What are the neurons’ three main regions?

hypothalamus

Part of the brain that regulates basic biological needs like hunger, thirst, and body temperature, as well as controlling the release of hormones.

When you’re hungry

Example of hypothalamus use:

Motor neurons

carry impulses away from the brain and spinal cord to a gland or muscles, resulting in a secretion or movement

stimulating your arm to move to swat a fly

Example of motor neurons in use

pancreas

maintains homeostasis by regulating the amount of sugar in the blood

menstruation

when the endometrium is shed monthly if an embryo doesn’t implant

chemical digestion

the action of enzymes in breaking down large molecules into smaller molecules which turns the food into energy

Mouth with saliva

The process of chemical digestion begins in the ________ with ________

nicotine

stimulant that constricts blood vessels

stimulants

drugs that increase alertness and physical activity

testosterone

a steroid hormone that is necessary for the production of sperm

dendrites

region of neurons that receives impulse from other neurons and contact impulses to the cell body

sensory neurons

neurons that send impulses from receptors in the skin and sense organs to the brain and spinal cord

Perceiving touch and pain

Example of sensory neurons

zygote

fertilized egg that undergoes mitosis after a couple hours

placenta

provides food and oxygen and removes wastes and contains tissues from both mom and fetus

puberty

the period of growth when sexual maturity is reached

8-13 years old

When do girls reach puberty?

10-15 years old

When do boys reach puberty?

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)

Which hormones stimulate the gonads to mature?

constricted blood vessels

What is an immediate effect of nicotine?

the cerebrum

What is the largest part of the brain?

The auditory canal

Which part of the ear do sound waves first enter?

to provide nutrients to the fetus and maintain pregnancy

What are the functions of the placenta?

the nervous system

What system enables you to understand the words you read in a book?

To process info and form a response

What is the function of the nervous system?