Fiszki: descriptive grammar | Quizlet

studied byStudied by 17 people
5.0(1)
Get a hint
Hint

/i/

1 / 63

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.

64 Terms

1

/i/

high front unrounded tense (sheep)

New cards
2

/ɪ/

high front unrounded lax (ship)

New cards
3

/eɪ/ , /e/

mid front unrounded tense (train, bed)

New cards
4

/oʊ/

mid back rounded tense (coat in AmE)

New cards
5

/ɔ/

mid back rounded lax (door)

New cards
6

/u/

high back rounded tense (moon)

New cards
7

/ʊ/

high back rounded lax (good, put)

New cards
8

/a/

low back unrounded lax (car)

New cards
9

/æ/

low front unrounded lax (apple, cat)

New cards
10

/ʌ/

mid central unrounded lax (money, cut)

New cards
11

/ə/

mid central unrounded lax (unstressed syllables) (about, the)

New cards
12

height

describes if your tongue is raised or not (heat, hot)

New cards
13

front / back

describes if your tongue is pushed toward the front or back of your mouth (heat, who)

New cards
14

rounded / unrounded

describes if your lips are rounded or not (who, pay)

New cards
15

tense / lax

muscle tension in articulators (beat, bit)

New cards
16

pure vowels

vowels with no glide movement

New cards
17

glided vowels

consinst of two sounds; the speech organs glide from the first sound to the next

New cards
18

diphthong

a sound formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable, in which the sounds begins as one vowel and moves towards another

New cards
19

semi-vowels / glides

similar to diphthongs but there is less movement

New cards
20

nasalization

when a nasal consonant occurs before or after a vowel, the vowel becomes nasalized

New cards
21

aspiration

a period of voicelessness after the stop articulation and before the start of the voicing for the vowel

New cards
22

nasal plosion

occurs when there's a sudden release of air through the nose during speech (hidden)

New cards
23

homorganic

sounds have the same place of articulation

New cards
24

lateral plosion

when an alveolar stop (/t,d/) occurs before homorganic lateral /l/, the air pressure built up during the stop can be released by lowering the sides of tongue

New cards
25

velarization

a secondary articulation formed by the arching upward of the back of the tongue

New cards
26

closed syllables

they have a consonant at the end

New cards
27

open syllables

those without a consonant at the end (with a vowel)

New cards
28

phonetics

the study of the physical properties of speech sounds, including their place of articulation, acoustic properties, voicing and auditory perception

New cards
29

articulatory

focuses on the speaker; where and how sounds are originated as well as where exactly they are located

New cards
30

acoustic

focuses on the channel; length, frequency and pitch of sounds

New cards
31

auditory

focuses on the hearer (receiver); studies what happens inside the ear and brain when sounds are received, and the ability to differentiate sounds

New cards
32

phone

an actual sound defined by its properties, such as manner and place of articulation

New cards
33

perception

ability to hear sounds; it's not passive reception but rather active construction

New cards
34

the cocktail party effect

the ability of having selective attention, focusing on one stimulus

New cards
35

the mcgurk effect

a perceptual phenomenon where what you see can influence what you hear; accurate perception of information involves more than just one sensory system

New cards
36

phonology

the study of abstract sound patterns in a language. It focuses on the way sounds function in a specific language and how they are used to convey meaning.

New cards
37

phoneme

the smallest unit that can function meaning-contrastively in a language

New cards
38

abstract unit

an idealized model or representation in the minds of speaker

New cards
39

allophone

a variation of a phoneme that doesn't change the word's meaning.

New cards
40

phonemic

focuses on how specific sounds in a language convey meaning and how they function

New cards
41

phonetic

studies the physical properties of speech sound, like how we produce, transmit and perceive them

New cards
42

voicing

whether or not the vocal cords are vibrating

New cards
43

place of articulation

where contact with the articulator occurs

New cards
44

bilabial

made with the two lips (move)

New cards
45

labiodental

lower lip and upper front teeth (van)

New cards
46

dental

tongue tip or blade and upper front teeth (these)

New cards
47

alveolar

tongue tip or blade and the alveolar ridge

New cards
48

palatal

blade or body of tongue on/near hard palate (yellow)

New cards
49

velar

body (back) of the tongue and soft palate (kite)

New cards
50

glottal

air passes through vocal cords (here)

New cards
51

retroflex

tongue tip and the back of the alveolar ridge

New cards
52

palato-alveolar

tongue blade and the back of the alveolar ridge

New cards
53

manner of articulation

describes the flow of air through the vocal tract

New cards
54

stop

complete closure of the articulators involved so that the airstream cannot escape through the mouth

New cards
55

fricative

continuous friction, air is forced through a narrow passageway

New cards
56

affricates

begin like a stop, released like a fricative

New cards
57

nasals

air is released through the nose

New cards
58

liquids

air moves around the sides of tongue

New cards
59

glides

combines elements of vowel and consonant

New cards
60

approximant

a gesture in which one articulator is close to another, but without the vocal tract being narrowed to such an extent that a turbulent airstream is produced

New cards
61

lateral (approximant)

obstruction of the airstream at a point along the center of the oral tract, with incomplete closure between one or both sides of the tongue and the roof of the mouth

New cards
62

homonymy

two words have the same form but different meaning

New cards
63

homographs

words which have the same spelling and different meaning; the pronunciation does not have to be the same

New cards
64

homophones

words which have the same pronunciation but do not need to have the same spelling; their meaning is different

New cards

Explore top notes

note Note
studied byStudied by 18 people
... ago
4.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 12 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 34 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 13 people
... ago
5.0(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 57 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 22 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 1975 people
... ago
4.7(11)

Explore top flashcards

flashcards Flashcard (93)
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (115)
studied byStudied by 13 people
... ago
5.0(2)
flashcards Flashcard (22)
studied byStudied by 17 people
... ago
5.0(3)
flashcards Flashcard (75)
studied byStudied by 2 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (29)
studied byStudied by 27 people
... ago
5.0(2)
flashcards Flashcard (40)
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (20)
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (134)
studied byStudied by 2615 people
... ago
4.0(26)
robot