Cellular Respiration (AP)

Cellular Respiration Equation

C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Cellular Respiration

Creating ATP from glucose

Stages of Cellular Respiration

glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation

Glycolysis

the breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid.

Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)

second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions

Oxidative Phosphorylation

The production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of an electron transport chain; the third major stage of cellular respiration.

Aerobic Respiration

Creates 38 ATP molecules; requires oxygen

Anaerobic Respiration

Respiration that does not require oxygen; creates 2 ATP molecules.

Chemiosmosis

A process for synthesizing ATP using the energy of an electrochemical gradient and the ATP synthase enzyme.

NADH and FADH2

high energy electron carrier(s) after reduction in cellular respiration (after they pick up electrons from Kreb's cycle)

Reduction

gain of electrons

Oxidation

loss of electrons

Fermentation

A catabolic process that makes a limited amount of ATP from glucose without an electron transport chain and that produces a characteristic end product, such as ethyl alcohol or lactic acid.

Substrate-Level Phosphorylation

The enzyme-catalyzed formation of ATP by direct transfer of a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substrate in catabolism.