Life Science - Chapter 5

organs

organs

Groups of different kinds of tissues that work together to accomplish a particular function.

A group of cells that performs a particular function

tissue

Division of labor

means that the functions of an organism are performed by different parts of its body

Do the cells of a wilted plant have turgor pressure that is too high or too low?

too low

cellular respiration

The breakdown of an energy source by cells to obtain usable energy.

enzymes

Catalysts substances that help change other substances without being permanently changed themselves.

Aerobic cellular respiration processes

sugar + oxygen TURNS INTO carbon dioxide + water + energy

aerobic cellular respiration

The process by which cells use oxygen to obtain useable energy from an energy source.

anaerobic cellular respiration

The process by which cells obtain energy from an energy source WITHOUT using oxygen.

alcoholic fermentation

Anaerobic cellular respiration that produces alcohol and carbon dioxide from glucose.

lactic acid fermentation

A type of anaerobic cellular respiration that produces lactic acid from sugar.

What is the most common energy source in cellular respiration?

sugar

What organelle is associated with recharging certain molecules during cellular respiration?

mitochondria

Which generates more energy from sugar, aerobic or anaerobic cellular respiration?

aerobic

Photosynthesis

The process that most producer organisms use to change light energy into chemical energy.

Photosynthesis formula

carbon dioxide + water +light energy TURNED INTO sugar + oxygen

chlorophyll

The green pigment that aids in capturing light energy necessary for photosynthesis.

3 substances photosynthesis uses to form sugar and oxygen

carbon dioxide, water, and light energy

What are substances that absorb light energy called?

chlorophyll pigments

Where is the energy captured by photosynthesis stored?

in sugar (the chemical bonds in sugar molecules)

What basic molecule makes up the structural part of the cell?

cellulose

How are lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids related to photosynthesis?

The energy required to make lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids come from photosynthesis.

Tissues are organized into ___ that work together to perform a particular function.

organs

True/False. If a plant has high turgor pressure, its leaves will be wilted.

False. High pressure it was keeps them stiff and not wilted looking.

What is the plant cell organelle that regulates turgor pressure?

central vacuole

Which of the following is NOT a PRODUCT of cellular respiration: carbon dioxide, oxygen, water, energy

oxygen

Cellular respiration occurs in which of the following organelles?

mitochondria

Cellular respiration that does not require oxygen is called ___.

anaerobic respiration

The products of photosynthesis include:

oxygen and sugar

Photosynthesis converts light energy into…

chemical energy

Where does photosynthesis take place?

In chloroplasts

In multicellular organisms, each group of cells that work together to perform a particular function is called a(n)

tissue

A leaf is considered an ___ of a plant.

organ

True/False. Division of labor occurs when different groups of cells perform specialized tasks to keep the organism alive.

True

True/False. Any cell in a multicellular organism has the ability to person any task needed by the organism.

False. They each have specific abilities and jobs. They can’t do everything needed.

Turgor pressure results from the buildup of water in what cytoplasmic organelle?

the central vacuole

The process that provides the energy that organisms need is called ___.

cellular respiration

What serve as tools to control an energy-releasing process?

enzymes

True/False. Cellular respiration releases carbon dioxide.

True

The term anaerobic means the process is performed without ___.

oxygen

The smell of baking bread and the air spaces in bread are caused by ___ organisms as they carry on alcholic fermentation.

yeast

Photosynthesis changes ___ energy into chemical energy.

light

Photosynthesis requires what gas?

carbon dioxide

True/False. The green pigment necessary for photosynthesis is called cholorplasm.

False. It’s chlorophyll.

In what cell organelles does photosynthesis occur?

chloroplasts

True/False. Some of the sugar formed during photosynthesis is used for making the structural parts of the cell.

True