Histoy Mid-Term

Bubonic Plague - causes

It was caused by rodents carrying the disease, like fleas, mice, and rats, while also spreading through human contact.

Bubonic Plague - conditions

lumps the size of golf balls on side of neck, groin, under armpits, and thighs

Bubonic Plague - reaction

People abandoned their friends and family, fled cities, and shut themselves off from the world.

Bubonic Plague - treatments'/solutions

Bloodletting, potions, religous cures.

Bubonic Plague - Comparison of Pandemics

Black death is simular to Ebola in the fact that they both negitivly effected the econemy of the places the disease was found. Because both these diseases could be spread from human to human people were forced to isolate and those who didnt more then likley died.

Agricultural Advancments

Seed Drill

Jethro Tull - greatly improved efficiency of planting seeds.

Steel Plow

Jethro Tull - greatly improved efficiency of preparing the land for planting seeds

Drainage Canals

maximizes farms commercial output by removing excess water

Crop rotation

Whear, barley, turnips, and clover were all used in the crop rotation to maximize soil health

Military Technology

Gunpowder mass production

Firing Cannons and Muskets required Gunpowder, any nation with enough wealth could outfit their army with these weapons and win any war.

gunpowder Empires

the most powerful nations during the 17-18th centuries were those with vast amounts of gunpowder. Russia and the Ottomans

Military Modernization

countries were most successful when they trained there soldiers to use firearms and when they were paid. this is the first instance of an “infantry”

Navigational Tools

Astrolabe

Tracks position of the sun and stars

Compass

Direction of North, South, East, West

Oceanic route to Asia for trade

Portugal leader believed Asia could be reached by sailing around Africa

Trade between Europe and Asia

Because trade was so successful, Mercantilism and eventually capitalism were structured

Spice trade

the spice trade was incredibly lucrative and lead to the spread of religions

Witchcraft

Chaos in Europe because of witchcraft

Witches were seen as dangerous to society and thus needed to be dealt with

Thousands are killed, mostly women (fanatical religious response)

Great Kingdoms of Africa

Wealth

Trade was the dominant contributor of wealth during this time, particularly slave trades

power

the Great African Kingdoms had organized government and strong military, sometimes being composed of slaves

Age of Exploration

Starting with portugal and spain, explorers begin to seize territories as colonies in the name of the crown

“God, Glory and Gold”

motivating factors for european exploration

British, French and Dutch all try to play ‘catch up’ in the scramble to gain overseas territories

Explorers

Columbus, Da Gama, Cabot, Cartier, Zheng He,

Conquerors

Pizzaro, Cortez